Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between traditional, authoritative, and scientific sources of knowledge in nursing?

Accepted Answer

Scientific knowledge is obtained through systematic research, whereas traditional and authoritative knowledge are often based on subjective data.

Question 2

A nurse is reviewing a new clinical guideline that recommends a change in wound care practice. To ensure the guideline is appropriate for her patients, she critically appraises the research for validity, reliability, and applicability. Which step of evidence-based practice (EBP) is she performing?

Accepted Answer

Critically appraising the evidence

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning in nursing research?

Accepted Answer

Testing a general theory about pain management by applying it to specific patient cases.

Question 4

A nurse wants to study how patients from different cultures perceive pain and express discomfort. Which qualitative research method is most appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

Ethnography

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the use of the PICOT format in developing a clinical research question?

Accepted Answer

Comparing two medications for effectiveness in reducing blood pressure over six months in adults with hypertension.

Question 6

A nurse is conducting a study to determine if a new hand hygiene protocol reduces infection rates in a hospital unit. She collects data before and after implementing the protocol and compares the results. Which type of quantitative research is this?

Accepted Answer

Quasi-experimental

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a goal of nursing research as outlined by the National Institute of Nursing Research?

Accepted Answer

Increase hospital profits through cost-cutting measures

Question 8

A nurse is interested in how the meaning of illness changes for patients over time. Which qualitative research method should she use?

Accepted Answer

Phenomenology

Question 9

Which of the following is a critical ethical requirement for clinical research involving human subjects?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent from all participants

Question 10

A nurse is using a conceptual framework to guide her research on patient adaptation to chronic illness. According to adaptation theory, what is the primary focus of her study?

Accepted Answer

How patients adjust to changes in their environment and health status

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the main goal of quality improvement in health care?

Accepted Answer

To systematically and continuously improve health care services and patient outcomes

Question 12

A nurse is designing a study to test whether a new educational program improves medication adherence in diabetic patients. She randomly assigns patients to either the new program or standard care and measures adherence rates. Which type of quantitative research is this?

Accepted Answer

Experimental

Question 13

Which of the following is the most important concept in nursing theory, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

The person (patient)

Question 14

A nurse is reviewing a research article and wants to determine if the findings are applicable to her clinical practice. Which of the following should she consider FIRST?

Accepted Answer

The level and quality of the evidence

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of inductive reasoning in nursing research?

Accepted Answer

Building general conclusions from specific observations or cases

Question 16

A nurse is interested in understanding the lived experiences of patients who have survived a heart attack. Which qualitative research method should she use?

Accepted Answer

Phenomenology

Question 17

Which of the following is a key step in the quantitative research process that involves identifying what the study will measure and how?

Accepted Answer

Formulating hypotheses and variables

Question 18

A nurse is using evidence-based practice to decide on the best intervention for preventing pressure ulcers in immobile patients. She integrates research findings with her clinical expertise and considers the patient's preferences. Which aspect of EBP is she demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Blending science and art to achieve the best patient outcomes

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a variable in quantitative nursing research?

Accepted Answer

The rate of wound healing measured in days

Question 20

A nurse is conducting a study to explore the process by which patients adapt to living with chronic pain. She collects data through interviews and analyzes the data to develop a theory. Which qualitative research method is she using?

Accepted Answer

Grounded theory

Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice in Health and Nursing

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