Question 1

According to research on adolescent friendships, which of the following best explains why friendships become more stable during the teen years?

Accepted Answer

Older teens work harder at maintaining positive relationships with friends.

Question 2

Which of the following is a key characteristic of cliques during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Cliques are made up of 4 to 6 young people who exhibit strong cohesiveness and intimate sharing.

Question 3

A high school student switches from a group of 'jocks' to a group of 'artists' after realizing their values no longer align. This scenario best illustrates which concept?

Accepted Answer

The influence of reputation-based groups on identity formation

Question 4

Which of the following statements about adolescent romantic relationships is supported by research?

Accepted Answer

Romantic relationships can serve as social support for some teens, but are not essential for healthy development.

Question 5

According to Marcia's theory, which identity status is characterized by both exploration and commitment?

Accepted Answer

Identity achievement

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the progression of peer group structure during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Cliques form first, then combine into crowds, which later break down into mixed-gender cliques and loose associations of couples.

Question 7

Which of the following is a criticism of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development?

Accepted Answer

It focuses too heavily on justice and not enough on other aspects of morality.

Question 8

A 16-year-old who identifies as bisexual expresses anxiety about coming out to friends and family. According to the study materials, what is a likely reason for this anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Fear of disclosure is associated with concerns about negative responses from others.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the relationship between gender identity and self-esteem in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Androgyny, or identifying with both masculine and feminine traits, is associated with higher self-esteem in both male and female adolescents.

Question 10

A researcher finds that teens who exhibit antisocial behavior are often behind their peers in moral reasoning. Which additional characteristic are these teens likely to display?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty recognizing signs of distress in others

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the development of romantic relationships among sexually diverse teens?

Accepted Answer

LGB adolescents often feel less skilled in the formation and maintenance of romantic relationships.

Question 12

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of an 'identity prototype' in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

A teen who labels themselves and others as belonging to groups like 'nerds' or 'punks'

Question 13

Which of the following is a protective factor for young people of color in White-dominated societies, according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Strong ethnic-racial identity

Question 14

A 17-year-old transgender male reports reluctance to disclose his gender identity to a romantic partner. According to the study materials, what is a likely reason for this reluctance?

Accepted Answer

Fear of transphobia from potential romantic partners

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the trend in self-esteem during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem drops at the beginning of adolescence and then rises steadily throughout the teen years.

Question 16

Which of the following is most likely to disrupt a stable adolescent friendship?

Accepted Answer

Significant differences in internal characteristics or values

Question 17

According to Erikson, what is the primary psychosocial crisis faced by adolescents?

Accepted Answer

Identity versus role confusion

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why reputation-based groups have long-lasting effects on adolescents?

Accepted Answer

They help create or reinforce an individual’s own identity.

Question 19

A 15-year-old has not yet explored or committed to any particular identity. According to Marcia’s identity statuses, this adolescent is in which status?

Accepted Answer

Identity diffusion

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world implication of the finding that strong attachments to parents predict good peer relationships in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Teens with strong parental attachments tend to have more positive and stable friendships.

Adolescent Peer and Romantic Relationships: Developmental Psychology Study Notes

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