Question 1

Which of the following best describes a situational attribution?

Accepted Answer

Attributing someone's behavior to external or environmental factors.

Question 2

A student fails an exam and says, 'The test was unfair and too difficult.' This is an example of which type of attribution?

Accepted Answer

Situational attribution

Question 3

According to the fundamental attribution error, when explaining the behavior of others, people are most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Overestimate dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors.

Question 4

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the actor-observer effect?

Accepted Answer

You attribute your own lateness to traffic, but your friend's lateness to their laziness.

Question 5

The just-world hypothesis is most likely to lead to which of the following behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Blaming victims for their misfortune.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the actor-observer effect?

Accepted Answer

We are highly empathetic and can easily take the perspective of others.

Question 7

A person says, 'She failed the test because she is lazy,' but when they fail, they say, 'I failed because the test was unfair.' This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Actor-observer effect

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates a dispositional attribution?

Accepted Answer

She's good with kids because she's such a patient person.

Question 9

Victim-blaming is often explained as being the result of which psychological phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The Just-World Hypothesis

Question 10

According to the self-serving bias, how are successes and failures typically attributed?

Accepted Answer

Successes to dispositional factors, failures to situational factors.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the fundamental attribution error (FAE) is correct?

Accepted Answer

FAE is the tendency to overestimate dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors when explaining others' behavior.

Question 12

In a real-world scenario, a manager assumes an employee is lazy because they missed a deadline, without considering the employee was sick. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the information & cue process in attribution?

Accepted Answer

Using more information about our own situations to make attributions.

Question 14

A person believes that people who are poor must not be working hard enough. This belief is most closely related to:

Accepted Answer

Just-world hypothesis

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of the self-serving bias?

Accepted Answer

Attributing your success on a project to your intelligence, but your failure to bad luck.

Question 16

If a person consistently explains their own negative outcomes by blaming external circumstances, but explains others' negative outcomes by blaming their character, this demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

Actor-observer effect

Question 17

Which of the following best summarizes the difference between the fundamental attribution error and the actor-observer effect?

Accepted Answer

FAE is the tendency to use dispositional attributions for others, while actor-observer effect is the tendency to use situational attributions for ourselves and dispositional for others.

Question 18

Which equation best represents the relationship between behavior, dispositional factors, and situational factors in attribution theory?

Accepted Answer

$$Behavior = Dispositional\ Factors + Situational\ Factors$$

Question 19

A teacher assumes a student who is quiet in class is shy, without considering the student might be tired. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Attributions in Social Psychology: Types, Errors, and Applications

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