Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It accelerates the transmission of electrical signals along the axon.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing muscle weakness due to a disease that attacks the motor neurons. Which part of the nervous system is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with movement and pleasure, and is implicated in both Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 4

A drug that blocks the reuptake of serotonin in the synapse would most likely be classified as which type of drug?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake inhibitor

Question 5

Which structure in the brain acts as a relay station, filtering information between the spinal cord and higher brain regions?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 6

If a person’s occipital lobe is damaged, which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Vision

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the concept of neuroplasticity?

Accepted Answer

The brain’s ability to change its structure and function in response to experience or injury.

Question 8

Which equation best represents the electrical potential difference across a neuron’s membrane during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta V = V_{inside} - V_{outside}$$

Question 9

A split-brain patient is shown a word in their left visual field. Which hemisphere processes this information, and what is the likely outcome for verbal reporting?

Accepted Answer

Right hemisphere; the patient cannot verbally report the word.

Question 10

Which of the following is a primary function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulating emotions and vital survival functions

Question 11

Which type of neuron is responsible for carrying information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

It is the 'master gland' that regulates other glands in the endocrine system.

Question 13

Alcohol is known to simulate which neurotransmitter, leading to its inhibitory effects on the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of the motor cortex?

Accepted Answer

It controls voluntary muscle movements.

Question 15

A researcher wants to study changes in blood flow in the brain during a memory task. Which technique should they use?

Accepted Answer

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Question 16

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland and is involved in regulating the sleep cycle?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic system prepares the body for stress, while the parasympathetic system calms it.

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is most commonly released in more than 90% of the brain’s synapses and is associated with learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Question 19

A person is experiencing severe anxiety and is prescribed a medication that acts as a GABA agonist. What is the expected effect of this medication?

Accepted Answer

It will inhibit neural activity and reduce anxiety.

Question 20

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of homeostasis in the nervous and endocrine systems?

Accepted Answer

The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment by balancing activating and calming functions.

Biological Psychology: The Brain at Work – Nervous System, Neurons, and Neurotransmitters

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