Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between neurotransmitters and hormones in terms of their communication within the body?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters act quickly and locally across synapses, while hormones act more slowly and broadly through the bloodstream.

Question 2

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the left frontal lobe, specifically Broca’s area. Which symptom is most likely to result?

Accepted Answer

Impaired speech production but intact comprehension

Question 3

Which brain imaging technique would be most appropriate for identifying which brain regions are active during a memory task?

Accepted Answer

fMRI

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct sequence of information flow within a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites → Cell body → Axon → Axon terminals

Question 5

A drug that blocks the reuptake of serotonin in the synapse would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

An agonist

Question 6

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 7

If a person has damage to their hippocampus, which of the following functions is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Formation of new long-term memories

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of neural plasticity?

Accepted Answer

The formation of new synaptic connections after learning a new skill

Question 9

A researcher wants to determine whether intelligence is more influenced by genetics or environment. Which behavioral genetic design would best help separate these influences?

Accepted Answer

Adoption studies

Question 10

Which neurotransmitter is most directly involved in the brain’s reward and motivation pathways, and is also implicated in Parkinson’s disease?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 11

If the heritability of a trait is reported as $$h^2 = 0.70$, what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

70% of the variation in the trait across a population is due to genetic differences

Question 12

Which structure connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between them?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 13

A person is unable to feel touch on the right side of their body after a brain injury. Which area is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Left primary somatosensory cortex

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining homeostasis and regulating hunger, thirst, and hormones

Question 15

Which process is most responsible for the removal of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft after they have transmitted a signal?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of the basal ganglia?

Accepted Answer

Coordinating and smoothing movement, supporting habits

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding adult neurogenesis?

Accepted Answer

New neurons are produced in the adult brain, especially in the hippocampus.

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The observable traits, such as eye color or intelligence, resulting from both genes and environment

Question 19

Which neurotransmitter is the main inhibitory signal in the brain and is often targeted by anti-anxiety medications?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Question 20

A person is exposed to a sudden threat and experiences increased heart rate and alertness. Which neurotransmitter is most likely involved in this 'fight-or-flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Biological Psychology: The Nervous System, Brain, and Behaviour

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