Question 1

Which historical figure is credited with initiating more humane treatment for individuals with psychological disorders by demanding kindness and unlocking the chains of patients in a French asylum?

Accepted Answer

Philippe Pinel

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the 'eclectic' approach to therapy?

Accepted Answer

Combining elements of several different therapeutic approaches or techniques

Question 3

In Freud's psychoanalysis, what is the difference between manifest content and latent content in dream interpretation?

Accepted Answer

Manifest content is the actual dream and its events, while latent content is the symbolic or hidden meaning

Question 4

Which element is NOT one of the three core components of Rogers’ person-centered therapy?

Accepted Answer

Directive interpretation

Question 5

A therapist encourages a client to talk to an empty chair as if another person were present, helping the client address unresolved issues. Which therapy is this technique most associated with?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt therapy

Question 6

Which behavioral therapy technique involves creating a hierarchy of fears and teaching relaxation while gradually exposing the client to those fears?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization

Question 7

A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder is encouraged to expose themselves to anxiety-provoking stimuli but not engage in their usual compulsive behaviors. What is this technique called?

Accepted Answer

Exposure and response prevention (EX/RP)

Question 8

Which of the following is a criticism of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?

Accepted Answer

It focuses primarily on symptoms rather than underlying causes

Question 9

Which type of drug is primarily used to treat psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations by blocking certain dopamine receptors in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs

Question 10

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is most commonly used to treat which psychological disorder, and what is a notable side effect?

Accepted Answer

Severe depression; memory disruption

Question 11

Which of the following is a key factor in the effectiveness of psychotherapy according to the common factors approach?

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic alliance characterized by empathy, mutual respect, and understanding

Question 12

A therapist uses a formal, written agreement with a client that specifies goals for behavioral change, reinforcements, and penalties. What is this called?

Accepted Answer

Contingency contract

Question 13

Which of the following therapies is most likely to use leading questions and role-playing to help clients accept all parts of their feelings and experiences?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt therapy

Question 14

Which of the following is a primary goal of motivational interviewing (MI)?

Accepted Answer

To reduce ambivalence about change and increase intrinsic motivation

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a biomedical therapy?

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Question 16

A client is taught to challenge irrational, all-or-nothing beliefs and restructure their thinking into more rational statements. Which therapy is this?

Accepted Answer

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

Question 17

Which of the following is a disadvantage of group therapy?

Accepted Answer

Lack of a private setting in which to reveal concerns

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?

Accepted Answer

Focus exclusively on unconscious conflicts

Question 19

Which lifestyle factor is supported by research as beneficial for mental health and resiliency?

Accepted Answer

Spending time in nature to restore attentional focus

Question 20

Which of the following is a strategy for reducing stigma associated with seeking help for psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Promoting open discussion and education about mental illness

Chapter 15: Psychological Therapies – Study Guide

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