Question 1

Which of the following best describes the biopsychosocial framework in human development?

Accepted Answer

It integrates biological, psychological, sociocultural, and lifecycle forces to explain development.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the impact of parental divorce on children's emotional development by observing them in their natural classroom environment. Which research method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Question 3

Which recurring issue in human development is illustrated by the question: 'Does development smoothly progress or shift abruptly?'

Accepted Answer

Continuity vs. discontinuity

Question 4

According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory, which stage is characterized by the challenge to 'commit to another in a loving relationship'?

Accepted Answer

Intimacy vs. isolation

Question 5

A psychologist is interested in whether SAT scores predict college GPA. She calculates a correlation coefficient $$r$$ between the two variables. If $$r = 0.85$$, what does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

There is a strong positive relationship between SAT scores and college GPA.

Question 6

Which of the following is a key feature of the life-span perspective in human development?

Accepted Answer

Aging is a lifelong process influenced by multiple factors.

Question 7

In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, which system includes the immediate family and school environment?

Accepted Answer

Microsystem

Question 8

Which statement about correlational studies is correct?

Accepted Answer

They measure the relationship between two variables but cannot establish causality.

Question 9

A researcher wants to examine how memory capacity changes from childhood to old age by testing the same group of people every five years. Which research design is being used?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal study

Question 10

Which concept from the biopsychosocial framework would best explain how cultural expectations influence a teenager’s career choices?

Accepted Answer

Sociocultural forces

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'plasticity' in the life-span perspective?

Accepted Answer

An adult learns a new language after moving to a different country.

Question 12

In an experimental study, which variable is manipulated by the researcher?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a structured observation?

Accepted Answer

Creating a scenario in a lab to elicit a specific behavior from participants.

Question 14

According to Lawton & Nahemow’s Competence-Environmental Press Theory, optimal adaptation occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A person's abilities and environmental demands are well matched.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes 'self-efficacy' in Bandura’s Social Learning Theory?

Accepted Answer

A person’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations.

Question 16

A developmental psychologist wants to ensure her sample reflects the population of interest. Which concept is she concerned with?

Accepted Answer

Representative sampling

Question 17

Which of the following is a major tenet of the life-course perspective?

Accepted Answer

The timing of life events in relation to historical context affects development.

Question 18

Which research design combines both cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches to avoid cohort effects?

Accepted Answer

Sequential study

Question 19

Which of the following is an ethical requirement in developmental research?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent from participants.

Question 20

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'optimization' in Selective Optimization With Compensation (SOC)?

Accepted Answer

Finding ways to maximize gains and minimize losses in development.

Chapter One: The Study of Human Development – Key Concepts and Theories

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