Question 1

Which hue of light has the greatest impact on suppressing melatonin production and shifting the circadian rhythm?

Accepted Answer

Blue light

Question 2

A patient reports sudden, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day, sometimes in the middle of a conversation. Which sleep disorder is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy

Question 3

Which of the following statements about hypnosis is a myth?

Accepted Answer

People under hypnosis can be made to do things against their will.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

Taking away chores when a child gets good grades

Question 5

In classical conditioning, what is the correct sequence of events for learning to occur?

Accepted Answer

Conditioned stimulus (CS) is presented before the unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Question 6

Which reinforcement schedule produces the highest and most consistent rate of responding?

Accepted Answer

Variable ratio

Question 7

A person is able to recall the names of all U.S. presidents but cannot remember what they had for breakfast yesterday. Which memory system is most involved in recalling the presidents?

Accepted Answer

Long-term memory

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a schema?

Accepted Answer

A mental structure that organizes knowledge and guides information processing

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of deep processing?

Accepted Answer

Thinking about how a word relates to your own life

Question 10

A patient can remember events from childhood but cannot form new memories after a brain injury. What type of amnesia does this patient have?

Accepted Answer

Anterograde amnesia

Question 11

Which of the following study techniques is considered most effective according to research?

Accepted Answer

Distributed (spaced) practice

Question 12

Which research design follows the same group of individuals over a long period to observe changes?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal design

Question 13

According to Piaget, which stage is characterized by the development of object permanence?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Question 14

Which of the following is a key difference between Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky emphasized the role of social interaction and culture, while Piaget focused on individual discovery.

Question 15

In the strange situation paradigm, which attachment style is characterized by infants who are distressed when their caregiver leaves but are not comforted upon return?

Accepted Answer

Insecure-anxious (ambivalent) attachment

Question 16

According to Kohlberg's model, which level of moral development is characterized by adherence to rules to avoid punishment or gain rewards?

Accepted Answer

Preconventional level

Question 17

Which theory of emotion proposes that physiological arousal and cognitive labeling occur simultaneously and independently?

Accepted Answer

Cannon-Bard theory

Question 18

Which of the following is a common pitfall of polygraph (lie detector) tests?

Accepted Answer

They measure physiological arousal, which can be caused by anxiety rather than deception.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Reading a book for enjoyment

Question 20

According to evolutionary models of attraction, which factor is most likely to influence mate selection?

Accepted Answer

Physical attractiveness as a cue for health and fertility

Comprehensive Step-by-Step Guidance for Exam 2 Study Guide – Introduction to Psychology

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