Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Drive-Reduction theory of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Motivation is based on meeting biological needs and maintaining homeostasis.

Question 2

A student studies hard to receive praise from their parents. According to motivation theories, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic motivation

Question 3

Which brain structures are primarily responsible for the fear response?

Accepted Answer

Amygdala and hypothalamus

Question 4

According to Masters & Johnson's research, which of the following is NOT a stage in the human sexual response cycle?

Accepted Answer

Suppression

Question 5

Which of the following is the most widespread STI in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Chlamydia

Question 6

Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

Cannon-Bard theory

Question 7

What is the main difference between the set point and the settling point theories of body weight?

Accepted Answer

Set point is based on genetics, while settling point is based on lifestyle factors.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of the Fundamental Attribution Error?

Accepted Answer

Assuming a student failed a test because they are lazy, not considering they were sick.

Question 9

According to Freud, which stage of psychosexual development is characterized by a focus on toilet training and control over bodily functions?

Accepted Answer

Anal stage

Question 10

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one’s own unacceptable impulses to others?

Accepted Answer

Projection

Question 11

A person who is sociable, fun-loving, and affectionate would likely score high on which Big 5 personality trait?

Accepted Answer

Extraversion

Question 12

Which perspective emphasizes the influence of unconscious processes and childhood experiences on personality?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic

Question 13

What is the main idea behind the just world hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

People believe that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

The discomfort experienced when holding two conflicting beliefs or behaviors.

Question 15

In Asch’s conformity studies, what was the main finding?

Accepted Answer

People often conform to group pressure even when the group is clearly wrong.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of deindividuation?

Accepted Answer

A person acts more aggressively when part of a large, anonymous crowd.

Question 17

According to Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love, which type of love includes intimacy, passion, and commitment?

Accepted Answer

Consummate love

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates the actor-observer effect?

Accepted Answer

Explaining your own failure by blaming external circumstances, but blaming others’ failures on their personality.

Question 19

What is the main difference between central and peripheral routes to persuasion?

Accepted Answer

Central route involves careful thought; peripheral route relies on superficial cues.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes social loafing?

Accepted Answer

People exert less effort when working in a group compared to working alone.

Comprehensive Study Notes: Motivation, Emotion, Personality, and Social Psychology

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