Question 1

Based on the Milgram obedience study graph, what trend is observed as shock levels increase from 'Slight' to 'XXX (435–450 volts)'?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of subjects who obeyed the experimenter decreased as shock levels increased.

Question 2

The news article about the 79-year-old mugged man on the subway is best explained by which social psychology concept?

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect, where individuals are less likely to help when others are present.

Question 3

According to the kin selection graph by Burnstein et al. (1994), who are people most likely to risk their lives for in a burning building?

Accepted Answer

Parents, siblings, or children, due to higher genetic relatedness.

Question 4

The 'Learning to be helpful' diagram suggests that prosocial behavior can be motivated by which sequence?

Accepted Answer

Getting what you want, followed by social rewards, and finally internalized values.

Question 5

What does the 'Heat on aggression' graph suggest about the relationship between temperature and aggressive behavior?

Accepted Answer

Aggressive incidents increase during hotter seasons, such as summer.

Question 6

The 'culture of honour' bar graph shows that Southern students, compared to Northern students, are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

Display higher levels of aggressive behavior and testosterone after being insulted.

Question 7

According to the ABC Model of Attitudes, which of the following best represents the 'Cognitive' component?

Accepted Answer

'Composting reduces CO$$_2$$ emissions.'

Question 8

Which route to persuasion is most likely being used when a person is influenced by the attractiveness or credibility of a speaker rather than the content of the message?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral route

Question 9

In the Elaboration Likelihood Model, which scenario best illustrates the central route to persuasion?

Accepted Answer

Selecting a course after carefully reading the syllabus and comparing requirements.

Question 10

Cognitive dissonance is best described as:

Accepted Answer

An unpleasant mental experience resulting from two conflicting thoughts or beliefs.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of rationalizing cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

Adding a new cognition to justify the inconsistency, such as 'I had to cheat because the test was unfair.'

Question 12

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is used to measure:

Accepted Answer

Automatic associations between concepts, such as linking 'bad' with a specific group.

Question 13

According to Correll et al. (2006), what did research on implicit bias and police shootings reveal?

Accepted Answer

Officers were more likely to mistakenly shoot unarmed Black suspects due to unconscious associations.

Question 14

The statistics on Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) highlight which social psychology concept?

Accepted Answer

The just-world hypothesis and victim blaming.

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'diffusion of responsibility'?

Accepted Answer

A person is more likely to help when alone than when in a group.

Question 16

Which compliance technique involves starting with a small request and then following up with a larger one?

Accepted Answer

Foot-in-the-door technique

Question 17

According to social comparison theory, what is a potential consequence of downward comparison?

Accepted Answer

It can boost self-esteem but may also lead to complacency.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Assuming someone is late because they are unreliable, without considering situational factors.

Question 19

What did the Robber's Cave study demonstrate about intergroup conflict and cooperation?

Accepted Answer

Competition between groups leads to hostility, but working toward superordinate goals reduces tension.

Comprehensive Study Notes: Social Psychology

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