Question 1

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following best describes the process of assimilation?

Accepted Answer

Interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schemas

Question 2

A researcher observes that children in the preoperational stage (according to Piaget) struggle with the concept of conservation. Which scenario best illustrates this difficulty?

Accepted Answer

A child believes that pouring water from a short, wide glass into a tall, thin glass changes the amount of water

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the concept of a 'critical period' in development?

Accepted Answer

A time when children are most likely to develop language skills, and missing this window can result in permanent deficits

Question 4

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what is the primary crisis faced by adolescents (ages 12-18)?

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Question 5

Which parenting style is most strongly associated with children who have high self-esteem, self-reliance, and social competence?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative

Question 6

A child is able to think logically about concrete events but struggles with abstract concepts. According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development is this child in?

Accepted Answer

Concrete Operational

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of the 'personal fable' in adolescent development?

Accepted Answer

An adolescent believes that their feelings and experiences are unique and that no one else can understand them

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of secure attachment as described by Mary Ainsworth's 'Strange Situation' experiment?

Accepted Answer

A child is upset when the mother leaves but is easily comforted upon her return

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

The tendency to attribute others' behavior to their personality rather than to situational factors

Question 10

In the context of social psychology, what is cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

The discomfort experienced when holding two conflicting beliefs or attitudes

Question 11

According to the elaboration likelihood model, which route to persuasion is most likely to result in long-lasting attitude change?

Accepted Answer

Central route, which involves careful consideration of arguments

Question 12

In Milgram's obedience study, which factor was found to most increase participants' likelihood of delivering the highest level of shock?

Accepted Answer

The authority figure being physically present and perceived as legitimate

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the concept of groupthink?

Accepted Answer

The tendency for group members to conform to a consensus, often at the expense of critical thinking

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

A woman performs worse on a math test after being reminded of the stereotype that women are bad at math

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the frustration-aggression hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A person becomes aggressive when blocked from achieving a goal

Question 16

Which of the following is a key finding from research on bystander intervention (the bystander effect)?

Accepted Answer

People are less likely to help when others are present due to diffusion of responsibility

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between sex and gender as discussed in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Sex refers to biological attributes, while gender refers to social and psychological roles

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of the 'outgroup homogeneity effect'?

Accepted Answer

Believing that all members of another group are more similar to each other than members of your own group

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'social facilitation'?

Accepted Answer

Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others

Development, Sex & Gender, and Social Psychology: Study Guide Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드