Question 1

Which of the following best describes a developmental norm in the context of human development?

Accepted Answer

An average age at which a particular developmental milestone is typically achieved.

Question 2

According to Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory, which stage is characterized by the development of object permanence?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor Stage

Question 3

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development includes the stage 'Identity vs. Role Confusion.' At what age range does this stage typically occur?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence (12-18 years)

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a major theory of attachment?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Question 5

Which structure of the eye is primarily responsible for focusing light onto the retina?

Accepted Answer

Lens

Question 6

The trichromatic theory of color perception proposes that color vision is based on:

Accepted Answer

Three types of cones sensitive to red, green, and blue wavelengths.

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates top-down processing in perception?

Accepted Answer

Recognizing a familiar face in a crowd based on prior experience.

Question 8

Gestalt psychology emphasizes which principle in perception?

Accepted Answer

The mind organizes sensory information into meaningful wholes.

Question 9

Which part of the ear is responsible for converting sound waves into neural signals?

Accepted Answer

Cochlea

Question 10

The place theory and frequency theory are both used to explain:

Accepted Answer

How we perceive pitch.

Question 11

Which sense is unique in that its neural pathways do NOT pass through the thalamus before reaching the cortex?

Accepted Answer

Olfaction (smell)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the biological clock in circadian rhythm?

Accepted Answer

It regulates cycles of sleep and wakefulness over a 24-hour period.

Question 13

During which sleep stage do most vivid dreams occur?

Accepted Answer

REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep

Question 14

According to the activation-synthesis theory, dreaming is primarily the result of:

Accepted Answer

Random neural activity in the brainstem interpreted by the cortex.

Question 15

Which of the following is a major theory of hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

Dissociation theory, which suggests hypnosis causes a split in consciousness.

Question 16

A person who needs increasing amounts of a drug to achieve the same effect is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

Tolerance

Question 17

Which category of drug is most likely to cause hallucinations?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinogens

Question 18

A multi-step problem: A patient reports difficulty recognizing colors and also has trouble with depth perception. Which two theories from sensation and perception would you use to analyze their symptoms, and what structures of the eye might be involved?

Accepted Answer

Trichromatic theory and binocular disparity; cones and retina.

Question 19

Which equation best represents the relationship between wavelength ($$\lambda) $$and frequency ($$f) of $$light, given the speed of light ($$c$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$c = \lambda 	imes f$$

Question 20

If a person is experiencing withdrawal symptoms after stopping a drug, which psychological concept best explains their behavior?

Accepted Answer

Physical dependence

Exam 2 Study Guide: Human Development, Sensation & Perception, and Variations in Consciousness

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