Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'falsifiability' in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis must be stated in a way that it can be proven false through evidence.

Question 2

A psychologist is testing whether sleep deprivation affects memory recall. She randomly assigns participants to either a sleep deprivation group or a control group. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The amount of sleep participants receive

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a confounding variable in an experiment studying the effect of caffeine on reaction time?

Accepted Answer

Participants' prior sleep quality

Question 4

According to the historical development of psychology, why did it take until the late 1800s for psychology to become a scientific discipline?

Accepted Answer

Earlier approaches relied on philosophy and introspection rather than empirical methods.

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'operational definition'?

Accepted Answer

Measuring intelligence as the score on a standardized IQ test.

Question 6

A researcher finds a correlation coefficient of $$r = -0.85$$ between hours of video game play and academic performance. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

There is a strong negative relationship between video game play and academic performance.

Question 7

Which of the following is a key limitation of case study research?

Accepted Answer

It does not allow for generalization to the wider population.

Question 8

Which brain structure is most accurately described as the crucial relay center that receives sensory information and relays it to the correct parts of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 9

In the context of sensation and perception, what is the primary function of the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

Converting vibrations into neural signals (hearing)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype refers to genetic makeup, while phenotype refers to observable characteristics.

Question 11

A psychologist is using a double-blind study. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

Both the participants and the researchers do not know which treatment each participant receives.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of errors made on a memory test

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It insulates the axon and speeds up neural transmission.

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

Examining the nature and source of evidence

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'priming'?

Accepted Answer

A person is more likely to recognize the word 'nurse' after seeing the word 'doctor'.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a physiological measure in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

Number of mistakes when trying to walk heel to toe on a straight line

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the basal ganglia?

Accepted Answer

Playing a role in reward processing and movement

Question 18

Which of the following is a key feature of random assignment in experiments?

Accepted Answer

It ensures that each participant has an equal chance of being in any group.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of 'debriefing' in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

Explaining the true nature of the study to participants after their involvement has ended.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a 'third variable problem' in correlational research?

Accepted Answer

A hidden variable influences both variables being studied, creating a false association.

Foundations of Psychological Science: Methods, Biological Bases, and Sensation & Perception

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