Q: A person is able to detect a difference between two weights only when the difference is at least 2 kg. If the original weight is 20 kg, what is the just noticeable difference (JND) as a percentage of the original weight? Use the formula $$ \text{JND} = \frac{\Delta I}{I} \times 100 $$ where $$ \Delta I is $$the difference threshold and $$ I is $$the original intensity.

$$ \text{JND} = \frac{2}{20} \times 100 = 10\% $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main focus of developmental psychology?

Accepted Answer

The study of how people change physically, cognitively, and socially throughout their lifespan.

Question 2

Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with mood regulation and is often linked to depression when levels are low?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 3

A patient suffers damage to Broca's area. What symptom is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty producing speech

Question 4

Which theory suggests that color vision is based on three types of cones sensitive to red, green, and blue wavelengths?

Accepted Answer

Trichromatic Theory

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the hippocampus?

Accepted Answer

Formation of new memories

Question 6

A researcher wants to study the effect of sleep deprivation on memory. Which research method would best allow them to determine causality?

Accepted Answer

Experimental method

Question 7

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 8

According to Freud, which part of the personality operates on the pleasure principle?

Accepted Answer

Id

Question 9

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'absolute threshold'?

Accepted Answer

The minimum amount of stimulus energy needed for a person to detect a stimulus 50% of the time.

Question 10

A person who has difficulty understanding spoken language but can speak fluently may have damage to which area?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the four lobes of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Basal lobe

Question 12

Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine

Question 13

Which sleep stage is most associated with vivid dreaming?

Accepted Answer

REM sleep

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of dendrites in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Receive incoming signals from other neurons

Question 15

Which psychological perspective emphasizes free will, self-actualization, and human potential?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic psychology

Question 16

A person is able to detect a difference between two weights only when the difference is at least 2 kg. If the original weight is 20 kg, what is the just noticeable difference (JND) as a percentage of the original weight? Use the formula $$ 	ext{JND} = \frac{\Delta I}{I} 	imes 100 $$ where $$ \Delta I  is $$the difference threshold and $$ I  is $$the original intensity.

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{JND} = \frac{2}{20} 	imes 100 = 10\% $$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the placebo effect?

Accepted Answer

Improvement in symptoms due to the belief in treatment, rather than the treatment itself.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of cross-cultural research in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Comparing parenting styles in Japan and the United States.

Question 19

Which of the following drugs is classified as a depressant?

Accepted Answer

Barbiturates

Question 20

Which concept is best illustrated by the tendency to perceive a series of dots as a continuous line?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt principle of continuity

Foundations of Psychology: Key Concepts and Study Guide

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