Question 1

Which of the following best defines 'geriatrics'?

Accepted Answer

The branch of medicine that focuses on the health care of elderly people, addressing biological, psychological, physiological, and sociological aspects of aging.

Question 2

According to the free radical theory of aging, what is the primary cause of cellular damage?

Accepted Answer

Unstable ions, known as free radicals, bond with other molecules, causing oxidative stress and damage to cells, DNA, and mitochondria.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a normal physiological change associated with advanced old age?

Accepted Answer

Increased muscle mass and bone density.

Question 4

A 78-year-old woman reports feeling less interested in eating and says that food tastes bland. Which combination of age-related changes is most likely contributing to her experience?

Accepted Answer

Decreased number of taste buds, reduced saliva production, and diminished sense of smell.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the 'wear-and-tear' theory of aging?

Accepted Answer

Cells and tissues gradually wear out from repeated use, similar to mechanical parts in a machine.

Question 6

Which of the following is a major developmental task for the geriatric adult according to Erikson's theory?

Accepted Answer

Mastering ego integrity versus despair.

Question 7

A health-care worker is teaching a group of older adults about health promotion. Which of the following activities aligns with the goals of Healthy People 2030 for the aged?

Accepted Answer

Encouraging regular physical activity and preventive health screenings.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about sexuality in the geriatric adult is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Medications and chronic illnesses can affect sexual function, but sexual interest often remains.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of 'ageism'?

Accepted Answer

Assuming that all older adults are frail, dependent, and uninterested in sexual activity.

Question 10

A 90-year-old man is experiencing memory loss, difficulty communicating, and decreased ability to function in social situations. Which condition is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer disease

Question 11

Which of the following is a recommended environmental modification to support 'aging in place' for geriatric adults?

Accepted Answer

Widening doorways to accommodate mobility aids and installing grab bars in bathrooms.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT considered an activity of daily living (ADL)?

Accepted Answer

Managing finances.

Question 13

A health-care worker is concerned about polypharmacy in a geriatric patient. Which of the following best describes the risks associated with polypharmacy in older adults?

Accepted Answer

It increases the risk of drug interactions, toxicity, and medication errors due to decreased organ function.

Question 14

Which of the following is a sign that may indicate elder abuse?

Accepted Answer

Clusters of unexplained bruises and missed health-care appointments.

Question 15

A 79-year-old woman is being evaluated for placement in a nursing home. Which of the following factors should be considered when selecting a facility?

Accepted Answer

Cost, insurance coverage, philosophy of care, and availability of therapies.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the principle of 'disengagement' in the context of aging?

Accepted Answer

Older adults gradually withdraw from social contacts and relinquish independence and control to others.

Question 17

A 76-year-old man with decreased kidney function is prescribed a new medication. What is the most important consideration for the health-care worker?

Accepted Answer

The medication may accumulate in the body, increasing the risk of toxicity.

Question 18

Which of the following is a psychosocial problem commonly associated with aging?

Accepted Answer

Loneliness due to loss of friends and family, depression, and fear of becoming a burden.

Question 19

Which of the following health-promoting activities is LEAST likely to benefit the geriatric adult?

Accepted Answer

Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

Question 20

A health-care worker is planning an educational session for older adults about maintaining independence. Which of the following should be emphasized?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in activities of daily living (ADLs) such as bathing, dressing, and eating independently as much as possible.

Geriatric Psychology: Aging, Physiological and Psychological Changes, and Elder Care

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