Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates prosocial behavior as defined in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A person donates blood at a local drive to help strangers.

Question 2

According to the bystander effect, which step is most likely to be disrupted when many people witness an emergency?

Accepted Answer

Take responsibility for helping.

Question 3

Which scenario best demonstrates the concept of diffusion of responsibility?

Accepted Answer

A crowd witnesses a car accident, but no one calls for help because they assume someone else will.

Question 4

Kin selection theory predicts that people are most likely to help:

Accepted Answer

Close relatives, such as siblings or children, in life-threatening situations.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a norm of reciprocity?

Accepted Answer

Returning a favor after someone helped you move.

Question 6

Which situation best illustrates true altruism?

Accepted Answer

A person risks their own safety to save a stranger from a burning building without expecting any reward.

Question 7

According to frustration-aggression theory, aggression is most likely to occur when:

Accepted Answer

A person is prevented from achieving an important goal.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of instrumental aggression?

Accepted Answer

A person cheats on a test to get a better grade, harming others indirectly.

Question 9

Based on the provided graph showing aggression rates by season, which equation best describes the relationship between temperature and aggression?

Accepted Answer

Aggression increases as temperature rises, peaking in summer: $$Aggression = a 	imes Temperature + b$$

Question 10

In the culture of honour study, which variable was manipulated to test its effect on aggression?

Accepted Answer

Whether participants were bumped and insulted by a confederate.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the ABC model of attitudes?

Accepted Answer

Attitudes consist of affective, behavioral, and cognitive components.

Question 12

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, which route to persuasion is most likely used when the audience is motivated and able to process information?

Accepted Answer

Central route

Question 13

Which of the following is a peripheral cue in persuasion?

Accepted Answer

The attractiveness of the communicator.

Question 14

Which message characteristic is most likely to make an attitude more resistant to change?

Accepted Answer

Attitude inoculation: exposing people to a weak counter-argument and then refuting it.

Question 15

Which audience characteristic increases susceptibility to persuasion?

Accepted Answer

Low self-esteem

Question 16

Cognitive dissonance is most likely to occur when:

Accepted Answer

A person holds two conflicting beliefs or behaviors.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of explicit prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Openly stating negative feelings toward a group based on their membership.

Question 18

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures:

Accepted Answer

Automatic, unconscious associations between concepts.

Question 19

According to the scapegoat hypothesis, prejudice arises from:

Accepted Answer

A need to blame other groups for one's own misfortunes.

Question 20

In the Robber’s Cave study, what intervention was most effective in reducing intergroup hostility?

Accepted Answer

Superordinate goals that required cooperation between groups.

Helping and Harming Others: Prosocial Behavior, Aggression, and Attitudes

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