Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'race' as discussed in the lecture materials?

Accepted Answer

An arbitrary and flawed system of classification with no biological basis, relying on certain physical characteristics to divide humans into groups.

Question 2

According to genetic studies referenced in the materials, what percentage of the human genetic code is responsible for variations in skin color?

Accepted Answer

Less than 0.1% of our genetic code.

Question 3

Which concept explains why racial categories differ across time and place?

Accepted Answer

Social construction

Question 4

A student argues that because there are visible differences between people, race must have a biological basis. How would you respond using the lecture material?

Accepted Answer

Visible differences do not correspond with internal genetic variation, and most genetic traits vary independently of visible features.

Question 5

What does the concept of 'hypodescent' or the 'one drop rule' refer to in the context of racial classification?

Accepted Answer

Assigning children of mixed ancestry to the racial group considered 'lower' in the social hierarchy.

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'racial stratification'?

Accepted Answer

The uneven distribution of resources and privilege among participants in a group or culture based on racial categories.

Question 7

In Brazil, how is racial categorization different from North America according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Racial position can change with social status, such as wealth or education.

Question 8

Which historical example from the materials demonstrates the arbitrary nature of racial classification in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The 1982 case of Susie Phipps, who was classified as 'colored' due to a law stating 1/32 black ancestry.

Question 9

Which of the following is a key argument against the biological basis of race?

Accepted Answer

Genetic variation among humans is extremely small and does not align with racial categories.

Question 10

If you walked from Sweden to West Africa, how would human biological variation change according to the materials?

Accepted Answer

Variation would change gradually and continuously over geographic space.

Question 11

Which formula best represents the concept of continuous variation in human populations?

Accepted Answer

$$f(x) = \frac{dV}{dx}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of racial stratification as described in the materials?

Accepted Answer

Equal access to resources for all racial groups.

Question 13

What does Peggy McIntosh mean by 'the invisible package of unearned assets'?

Accepted Answer

Privileges that white people receive due to racial hierarchies, often unnoticed by those who benefit.

Question 14

Which scenario best demonstrates the difference between exogamy and endogamy?

Accepted Answer

A person marries someone from outside their racial group (exogamy), while another marries within their group (endogamy).

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the U.S. census is supported by the materials?

Accepted Answer

Racial classifications have changed over time, reflecting shifting concepts of race.

Question 16

Which equation could be used to model the gradual change in genetic variation across geographic space?

Accepted Answer

$$G(x) = G_0$ + kx$$

Question 17

How does the concept of 'meritocracy' relate to racial privilege according to the materials?

Accepted Answer

Meritocracy is a myth that ignores the advantages some groups receive due to racial privilege.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a cultural norm that reinforces racial hierarchies?

Accepted Answer

Assuming someone is suspicious based on their skin color.

Question 19

Which statement best summarizes the global dynamics of race and racism as described in the materials?

Accepted Answer

Colonially-instituted global racial hierarchies continue to shape social disparities.

Question 20

Which of the following is a multi-step problem that integrates concepts from the lecture: If a population has a gene pool with $$10^9$$ possible relatives over 30 generations, and genetic variation changes gradually over space, what does this imply about the validity of discrete racial categories?

Accepted Answer

Discrete racial categories are invalid because genetic variation is continuous and interconnected across populations.

ANTH 100 - Lecture 8

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드