Q: Which formula best represents the interaction of nature and nurture in human development?

$$Development = Genes \times Environment$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'niche picking' in the context of nature vs. nurture?

Accepted Answer

Children select environments that reinforce their genetic predispositions.

Question 2

A researcher wants to study how cognitive abilities change from childhood to adulthood. Which research design should they use to best track individual changes over time?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal design

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a post hoc fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Assuming that drinking milk as a child causes someone to become a serial killer because all serial killers drank milk as children.

Question 4

According to Piaget, which process involves changing existing cognitive structures to incorporate new information?

Accepted Answer

Accommodation

Question 5

Which stage of prenatal development is characterized by the formation of major organs and facial features?

Accepted Answer

Embryonic stage

Question 6

A child who explores a room but checks back with their caregiver and greets them with joy upon return is most likely displaying which attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of bidirectional influences in human development?

Accepted Answer

Parents' behavior affects children, and children's reactions influence parents' responses.

Question 8

What is the primary finding from Harry Harlow's studies with monkeys regarding bonding?

Accepted Answer

Contact comfort is crucial for bonding, more so than food reinforcement.

Question 9

Which parenting style is most strongly associated with positive social and emotional adjustment in children, according to Baumrind's research?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative

Question 10

Which of the following is a key feature of Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty forming emotional bonds with caregivers or others

Question 11

According to Erikson's model, what is the central psychosocial crisis of adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. role confusion

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'object permanence'?

Accepted Answer

Understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of gene expression being influenced by environmental experiences?

Accepted Answer

A child with a genetic predisposition to anxiety only develops symptoms after a stressful event, such as the death of a parent.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a common obstacle to normal fetal development?

Accepted Answer

Excessive physical exercise by the mother

Question 15

In Vygotsky's theory, what is the 'zone of proximal development'?

Accepted Answer

The phase when children are receptive to learning a new skill but not yet successful at it

Question 16

Which formula best represents the interaction of nature and nurture in human development?

Accepted Answer

$$Development = Genes 	imes Environment$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a survival reflex in infants that helps them find nourishment?

Accepted Answer

Rooting reflex

Question 18

Which statement about cross-sectional research design is correct?

Accepted Answer

It cannot control for cohort effects, which may confound results.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between domain-general and domain-specific theories of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Domain-general theories propose that changes in cognitive skills affect most or all areas of functioning, while domain-specific theories suggest skills develop independently across different domains.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of how nature and nurture interact to shape development?

Accepted Answer

A child with a genetic predisposition for musical ability excels after being exposed to music lessons and encouragement from parents.

Human Development: Structured Study Notes for Psychology Students

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드