Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main focus of structuralism in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Understanding the structure and characteristics of the mind through introspection.

Question 2

Which psychologist is most closely associated with the development of functionalism?

Accepted Answer

William James

Question 3

A psychologist is interested in how reinforcement and punishment shape behavior. Which theoretical perspective is she most likely using?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of confirmation bias?

Accepted Answer

Seeking out information that supports your existing beliefs.

Question 5

According to the scientific method, what is the correct order of steps for investigating a psychological phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Identify a question, develop a hypothesis, collect data, evaluate results.

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of belief perseverance?

Accepted Answer

Continuing to believe in a claim even after it has been disproven by evidence.

Question 7

A therapist uses only observable behaviors to diagnose and treat a patient, ignoring thoughts and feelings. Which school of thought does this approach reflect?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Question 8

Which of the following is a warning sign of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

Extraordinary claims without extraordinary evidence.

Question 9

A psychologist is conducting research to understand how memory works, without any immediate application in mind. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Basic research

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between experimental and applied psychology?

Accepted Answer

Experimental psychology is research-focused, while applied psychology utilizes research to solve real-world problems.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of the bandwagon fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Believing a claim is true because many people believe it.

Question 12

Which of the following best defines critical thinking in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Evaluating claims open-mindedly and carefully.

Question 13

Which of the following is a key difference between behaviorism and cognitivism?

Accepted Answer

Cognitivism focuses on mental processes, while behaviorism focuses on observable behavior.

Question 14

A psychologist is interested in how people’s thoughts influence their behavior, rather than just their actions. Which school of thought does this reflect?

Accepted Answer

Cognitivism

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of the scientific theory requirement for falsifiability?

Accepted Answer

A theory that makes predictions that can be tested and potentially shown to be false.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'belief perseverance'?

Accepted Answer

The tendency to stick to initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them.

Question 17

Which of the following is a danger of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

It can lead to direct harm to those who receive the treatment.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of the use of the scientific method in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Developing a hypothesis, collecting data, and evaluating the results.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the terror management theory?

Accepted Answer

People experience anxiety because they are aware that death is inevitable but unpredictable.

Question 20

Which of the following is a key feature of experimental psychology?

Accepted Answer

It is research-focused and often involves controlled experiments.

Introduction to Psychology: Foundations, Perspectives, and Scientific Thinking

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