Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the difference between basic and applied research in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A psychologist investigates the neural mechanisms of memory formation in rats.

Question 2

A researcher wants to test whether a new drug reduces anxiety. She randomly assigns participants to receive either the drug or a placebo, but neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives which treatment. What type of study is this?

Accepted Answer

Double-blind experiment

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a negative correlation?

Accepted Answer

As stress levels increase, hours of sleep decrease.

Question 4

A psychologist is interested in the effect of noise on concentration. In her experiment, the group exposed to loud noise is the experimental group. What is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

Amount of noise

Question 5

Which brain structure is primarily responsible for regulating heart rate and breathing?

Accepted Answer

Medulla

Question 6

A person touches a hot stove and immediately pulls their hand away before feeling pain. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for this reflex action?

Accepted Answer

Spinal cord

Question 7

Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with mood regulation and is often targeted by antidepressant medications?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 8

A person is startled by a loud noise and their heart rate increases. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 9

Which lobe of the brain is primarily involved in processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 10

According to Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome, what is the correct order of the three stages of the stress response?

Accepted Answer

Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 11

A student who believes their success is due to their own hard work rather than luck is demonstrating which concept?

Accepted Answer

Internal locus of control

Question 12

Which coping strategy involves addressing the source of stress directly, such as creating a study schedule to prepare for exams?

Accepted Answer

Problem-focused coping

Question 13

Which hormone, released by the pineal gland, helps regulate circadian rhythms and sleep?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 14

A person who cannot remember their dreams is most likely experiencing which phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Dreams are not transferred from short-term to long-term memory

Question 15

Which theory suggests that dreams are the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural activity?

Accepted Answer

Activation-synthesis theory

Question 16

A person who experiences sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep during the day may be diagnosed with which sleep disorder?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the main difference between psychological and physical dependence on a drug?

Accepted Answer

Physical dependence involves withdrawal symptoms, while psychological dependence does not.

Question 18

A researcher repeats a previous experiment to see if the results are consistent. This process is known as:

Accepted Answer

Replication

Question 19

Which perspective in psychology emphasizes free will, self-actualization, and human potential?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic perspective

Question 20

A person is able to walk and talk but is not aware of their actions, as seen in sleepwalking. This state is best described as:

Accepted Answer

An alternate state of consciousness

Introduction to Psychology: Key Concepts and Foundations

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