Question 1

Which of the following best describes the focus of developmental psychology?

Accepted Answer

The scientific study of age-related changes in bodies, behaviour, emotions, social relationships, and personality.

Question 2

According to the interactionist model of development, which statement is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Development results from a complex reciprocal interaction between biological and environmental factors.

Question 3

Which concept refers to a specific period during which an organism is highly sensitive to the presence or absence of a particular experience?

Accepted Answer

Critical period

Question 4

A researcher wants to study the effects of a new teaching method on memory retention. She randomly assigns students to either the new method or the traditional method. What type of variable is the teaching method?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Question 5

Which research design follows the same individuals over a period of time to study age-related changes?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal design

Question 6

A correlation coefficient of $$r = 0$$ indicates:

Accepted Answer

No relationship between two variables.

Question 7

Which ethical guideline requires that participants are fully aware of the nature and purpose of the research before agreeing to take part?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a universal change in development?

Accepted Answer

Puberty occurring at a genetically programmed age

Question 9

A psychologist observes children in a playground without interfering. Which research method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Question 10

Which statement about correlation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Correlation describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables.

Question 11

A researcher compares reading skills in children from two different provinces at the same time. What type of research design is this?

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional design

Question 12

Which concept refers to age-related change that is qualitative and involves reorganization or emergence of wholly new strategies or skills?

Accepted Answer

Discontinuity

Question 13

In a study, high scores on variable X are usually accompanied by high scores on variable Y. What type of correlation is this?

Accepted Answer

Positive correlation

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for ethical research with human participants?

Accepted Answer

Deception must never be used

Question 15

Atypical development is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

Development that deviates from the typical developmental pathway.

Question 16

Which term describes a set of age norms that defines a sequence of life experiences considered typical in a culture?

Accepted Answer

Social clock

Question 17

Which research method involves in-depth examination of a single individual or a small group?

Accepted Answer

Case study

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'goodness of fit' in developmental psychology?

Accepted Answer

A child with a difficult temperament thriving in a supportive environment.

Question 19

Which of the following is a limitation of correlational research?

Accepted Answer

It cannot determine causality between variables.

Question 20

In a quasi-experimental design, what is a key difference compared to a true experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Groups are naturally occurring and not randomly assigned.

Lifespan Development: Foundations and Research Methods

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