Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'motivation' as defined in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A psychological process that arouses, directs, and maintains behaviour, inferred from actions.

Question 2

According to Clark Hull’s Drive Reduction Model, what is the correct sequence of events when a physiological need arises?

Accepted Answer

Need → Drive → Behaviour → Homeostasis

Question 3

The concept of 'set point' in body weight regulation is most closely analogous to which component in the thermostat model?

Accepted Answer

Temperature setting

Question 4

Which brain region acts as the 'accelerator pedal' for hunger, and what is the effect of damaging this region?

Accepted Answer

Lateral hypothalamus; damage leads to starvation

Question 5

Which of the following statements about obesity is supported by research on set point and fat cells?

Accepted Answer

Dieting can increase constant hunger and raise the set point, leading to yo-yo dieting.

Question 6

A child with two obese parents is statistically most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Be obese as an adult, due to genetic contribution.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a factor regulating hunger according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolic rate

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why dieting often leads to weight regain (the 'yo-yo' effect)?

Accepted Answer

Dieting induces constant hunger and may increase the set point.

Question 9

Which of the following is a physiological effect of bulimia nervosa due to purging?

Accepted Answer

Swollen salivary glands and eroded tooth enamel

Question 10

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, which of the following sequences is correct?

Accepted Answer

Physiological response → Emotion → Behaviour

Question 11

Cannon criticized the James-Lange theory of emotion for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Emotions are always caused by facial expressions.

Question 12

Which theory of emotion suggests that both physiological arousal and cognitive attribution are necessary for an emotional experience?

Accepted Answer

Schachter-Singer two-factor theory

Question 13

In the Dutton & Aron (1978) 'Love on the Bridge' study, why were men on the swinging bridge more likely to call the experimenter?

Accepted Answer

They experienced higher physiological arousal and misattributed it to attraction.

Question 14

Which of the following is a key difference between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia is characterized by severe calorie restriction and distorted body image, while bulimia involves bingeing and purging.

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of negative feedback in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The thermostat turns off the heater when the set temperature is reached.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a plausible explanation for the development of anorexia nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Increased basal metabolic rate

Question 17

According to the facial feedback hypothesis, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Changing facial muscle tension can influence emotional states.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the universality of emotional expression?

Accepted Answer

People across cultures, including those born deaf and blind, can make similar facial expressions.

Question 19

If a person experiences physiological arousal but does not attribute it to a specific cause, which theory predicts they will not experience a full emotion?

Accepted Answer

Schachter-Singer two-factor theory

Question 20

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), caloric intake (C), and weight change (\Delta W) over time (t)?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta W = C - BMR 	imes t$$

Motivation and Emotion: Biological, Psychological, and Social Perspectives

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