Q: Which of the following equations best represents the relationship described by drive-reduction theory?

$$Motivation = Physiological\ Need \rightarrow Drive \rightarrow Drive\text{-}reducing\ Behavior$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'drive' in drive-reduction theory?

Accepted Answer

A physiological state that creates an aroused tension, motivating an organism to satisfy a need.

Question 2

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs must be satisfied before an individual can focus on esteem needs?

Accepted Answer

Physiological and safety needs

Question 3

A student is feeling anxious before an important exam. According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, how might this arousal affect their performance?

Accepted Answer

Performance will improve with moderate arousal but decline if arousal is too high or too low.

Question 4

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A person eats when hungry to restore their blood sugar levels to normal.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an incentive motivating behavior?

Accepted Answer

Studying hard to receive a scholarship.

Question 6

A person who is competitive, impatient, and easily angered is most likely to be classified as which personality type, according to research on stress and heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Type A

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between internal and external locus of control?

Accepted Answer

Internal locus of control refers to believing outcomes are due to one's own actions, while external locus of control attributes outcomes to outside forces.

Question 8

A person who consistently explains negative events as being due to their own lack of ability and expects bad things to continue happening is demonstrating which explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

Pessimism

Question 9

Which of the following is most likely to reduce the negative health effects of stress?

Accepted Answer

Seeking social support from friends and family.

Question 10

A person who feels a strong need to connect with others and maintain relationships is demonstrating which basic human motivation?

Accepted Answer

The need to belong

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of an instinct as understood in evolutionary psychology?

Accepted Answer

A fixed, unlearned pattern of behavior common to all members of a species.

Question 12

If a person believes that their efforts have little impact on their life outcomes and that fate or luck determines what happens, they are demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

An external locus of control

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world example of the Yerkes-Dodson law?

Accepted Answer

A professional athlete performs best under moderate pressure but chokes under extreme stress.

Question 14

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship described by drive-reduction theory?

Accepted Answer

$$Motivation = Physiological\ Need ightarrow Drive ightarrow Drive	ext{-}reducing\ Behavior$$

Question 15

A person who copes with stress by believing they can influence the outcome of events is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Have an internal locus of control and experience less stress.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between stress and vulnerability to disease?

Accepted Answer

Chronic stress can weaken the immune system, increasing vulnerability to illness.

Question 17

A person who is calm, easygoing, and less competitive is most likely to be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Type B personality

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of how social networking can impact the need to belong?

Accepted Answer

It can increase feelings of social connection and belonging.

Question 19

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of arousal theory in motivation?

Accepted Answer

A person seeks out a thrilling roller coaster ride to increase their excitement.

Question 20

A student who attributes their academic success to their own hard work and effort is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

An internal locus of control

Motivation, Stress, and Health: Key Concepts and Theories

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