Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of neural plasticity?

Accepted Answer

A person’s brain forms new connections after learning to play a musical instrument.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the feedback system connecting the nervous and endocrine systems?

Accepted Answer

Brain $$\rightarrow$$ pituitary $$\rightarrow$$ other glands $$\rightarrow$$ hormones $$\rightarrow$$ body and brain

Question 3

A person touches a hot stove and immediately withdraws their hand before feeling pain. Which neural structure is primarily responsible for this reflex action?

Accepted Answer

Spinal cord

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It increases the speed of neural impulses along the axon.

Question 5

Which neurotransmitter is most directly involved in muscle contraction and memory formation?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine (Ach)

Question 6

A drug that blocks the reuptake of a neurotransmitter would most likely have which effect?

Accepted Answer

Increase the neurotransmitter’s action by allowing it to remain longer in the synaptic gap.

Question 7

Which of the following best distinguishes between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic system arouses the body for action; the parasympathetic system calms the body and conserves energy.

Question 8

Which type of neuron carries information from the body’s tissues to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron

Question 9

During an action potential, what is the primary event that occurs along the axon membrane?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization due to the influx of positive ions

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the 'all-or-none' response in neural firing?

Accepted Answer

A neuron either fires completely or not at all, depending on whether the threshold is reached.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct example of an agonist and its effect?

Accepted Answer

A drug that mimics a neurotransmitter and increases its action

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why endorphins are sometimes called the brain’s natural opiates?

Accepted Answer

They reduce pain and produce feelings of pleasure.

Question 13

A person is startled by a loud noise, causing their heart rate to increase and their pupils to dilate. Which system is primarily responsible for these changes?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of glial cells?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting neural impulses

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

It is the master gland that regulates other glands by releasing hormones.

Question 16

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the interaction of biological, psychological, and social systems in behavior?

Accepted Answer

A student’s anxiety about an exam (psychological) causes increased heart rate (biological) and leads them to seek support from friends (social).

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of interneurons?

Accepted Answer

They process information between sensory input and motor output within the central nervous system.

Question 18

Which of the following is a key difference between the nervous system and the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

The nervous system uses fast electrochemical signals; the endocrine system uses slower chemical signals (hormones).

Question 19

A person takes a drug that acts as an antagonist for acetylcholine. What is the most likely effect?

Accepted Answer

Decreased muscle movement and possible memory impairment

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of reuptake in neural communication?

Accepted Answer

The sending neuron reabsorbs excess neurotransmitter molecules from the synaptic gap.

Neural and Hormonal Systems: Biology, Behavior, and Mind

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