Question 1

Which type of amnesia is characterized by the inability to form new memories after a brain injury, while memories from before the injury remain intact?

Accepted Answer

Anterograde amnesia

Question 2

According to the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve, what percentage of newly learned information is typically lost after 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

$$70\%$$

Question 3

A person witnesses a crime and later recalls seeing a white van at the scene after hearing about it on the news, even though the actual vehicle was a blue sedan. This is an example of which memory error?

Accepted Answer

Suggestibility

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the misinformation effect paradigm?

Accepted Answer

After exposure to incorrect information, a person may misremember the original event.

Question 5

If a person cannot remember events that occurred before a traumatic brain injury, but can form new memories after the injury, what type of amnesia do they have?

Accepted Answer

Retrograde amnesia

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of proactive interference?

Accepted Answer

You accidentally write last year’s date on a document at the start of the new year.

Question 7

A person repeatedly recalls a traumatic event, even when they do not want to, and it interferes with their daily life. According to Schacter, which memory error is this?

Accepted Answer

Persistence

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of encoding failure?

Accepted Answer

Not remembering the details on the front of a U.S. penny despite seeing it many times.

Question 9

In the Loftus and Palmer (1974) study, participants estimated higher car speeds when the word 'smashed' was used instead of 'contacted.' This demonstrates which phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Misinformation effect

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of misattribution?

Accepted Answer

Believing you watched a movie with one person when you actually watched it with someone else.

Question 11

Which memory error involves lapses in memory caused by breaks in attention or focus?

Accepted Answer

Absentmindedness

Question 12

A person’s current beliefs distort their memory of past events. According to Schacter, this is an example of which type of memory error?

Accepted Answer

Bias

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between construction and reconstruction in memory?

Accepted Answer

Construction is the formulation of new memories; reconstruction is the process of bringing up old memories that may be distorted.

Question 14

Which of the following is the leading cause of wrongful convictions in DNA exoneration cases, according to the Innocence Project?

Accepted Answer

Eyewitness misidentification

Question 15

If you are unable to recall your new gym locker combination because you keep remembering your old high school locker combination, which type of interference are you experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of the memory error known as blocking?

Accepted Answer

You cannot remember the name of a famous actor, even though you can picture their face and recall their movies.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes transience?

Accepted Answer

Memories fade over time if they are not used.

Question 18

A therapist uses leading questions and guided imagery to help a client recover memories of childhood abuse. According to Loftus, what is a major risk of this approach?

Accepted Answer

It may lead to the creation of false memories due to suggestibility.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of retroactive interference?

Accepted Answer

You cannot remember the concepts from last week’s memory chapter after studying this week’s lifespan development chapter.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes false memory syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The recall of false autobiographical memories, often without independent witnesses.

Problems with Memory: Amnesia, Forgetting, and Memory Errors

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