Question 1

A child learns to fear dogs after being bitten by one. According to classical conditioning, which of the following best describes the dog's bite in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The bite is an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 2

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates positive reinforcement in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A child receives a sticker for completing their homework.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of functional fixedness?

Accepted Answer

Failing to use a coin as a screwdriver because you only see it as money.

Question 4

A person believes that all tall people must play basketball because they know a few tall basketball players. Which cognitive bias does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Representative bias

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between instincts and reflexes?

Accepted Answer

Instincts are complex behaviors present at birth, while reflexes are simple, automatic responses to stimuli.

Question 6

Which of the following is a real-world example of observational learning?

Accepted Answer

A child learns to tie their shoes by watching their older sibling.

Question 7

According to Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences, which of the following is a critique of the theory?

Accepted Answer

It lacks empirical evidence and clear criteria for each intelligence.

Question 8

Which of the following strategies is most effective for increasing short-term memory capacity?

Accepted Answer

Using chunking to group information together.

Question 9

A person remembers their first day at college in vivid detail, including what they wore and who they met. This is an example of which type of explicit memory?

Accepted Answer

Episodic memory

Question 10

Which brain structure is most responsible for forming new explicit memories?

Accepted Answer

Hippocampus

Question 11

A person walks through a doorway and suddenly forgets what they were about to do. This phenomenon is known as:

Accepted Answer

Doorway effect

Question 12

Which of the following best illustrates retroactive interference?

Accepted Answer

Learning a new password makes it harder to remember your old password.

Question 13

Which research method in developmental psychology involves observing participants in their natural environment without interference?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Question 14

Piaget’s theory of cognitive development includes the concept of object permanence. At what stage does this milestone typically occur?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Question 15

A child is given two identical glasses of juice. The juice from one glass is poured into a taller, thinner glass. The child says the taller glass has more juice. This demonstrates a lack of:

Accepted Answer

Conservation

Question 16

According to Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the main dilemma faced during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. role confusion

Question 17

Which attachment style is characterized by a child who is distressed when their caregiver leaves, but is easily comforted upon their return?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Question 18

Which parenting style is most likely to produce children who are independent, socially competent, and have high self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative

Question 19

According to the Kübler-Ross model, which stage of grief is characterized by attempts to negotiate or make deals to avoid the loss?

Accepted Answer

Bargaining

Question 20

A person is asked to solve a problem and decides to use an algorithm. Which of the following best describes an algorithm?

Accepted Answer

A step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution.

PSY 101: Learning, Cognition, Memory, and Development – Mini-Textbook Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드