Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main focus of structuralism as introduced by Wilhelm Wundt?

Accepted Answer

Studying the structure and characteristics of the mind through introspection.

Question 2

Which school of thought in psychology is most closely associated with the use of introspection as a research method?

Accepted Answer

Structuralism

Question 3

A psychologist is interested in how reinforcement and punishment shape behavior in a classroom setting. Which theoretical perspective is she most likely using?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a falsifiable hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

"All swans are black."

Question 5

Which logical fallacy is committed when someone argues that a claim must be true because many people believe it?

Accepted Answer

Bandwagon fallacy

Question 6

A student reads that 'listening to Mozart increases intelligence' and believes it without seeking further evidence. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Confirmation bias

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'opportunity cost' as a danger of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

Spending time and money on a treatment with no scientific support instead of proven therapies.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the scientific method is correct?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis must be falsifiable to be considered scientific.

Question 9

Which school of thought in psychology was most influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Question 10

A therapist uses dream analysis to help a client uncover unconscious conflicts rooted in childhood. Which psychological perspective is being applied?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the main difference between basic and applied research in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Basic research examines how the mind works, while applied research uses findings to address real-world issues.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a warning sign of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

Use of systematic observation and self-correction.

Question 13

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'patternicity'?

Accepted Answer

Detecting meaningful patterns in random stimuli.

Question 14

A researcher wants to test the bystander effect. She hypothesizes that the more people present at an emergency, the longer it will take for someone to help. Which of the following is the correct way to express this hypothesis in a falsifiable manner?

Accepted Answer

"If the number of bystanders increases, the response time to help will increase."

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the main focus of cognitivism?

Accepted Answer

Understanding how thinking and interpretation affect behavior.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of belief perseverance?

Accepted Answer

Sticking to your initial belief even when evidence contradicts it.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A way of learning about the world through collecting observations, developing theories, and making predictions.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of the dangers of pseudoscience?

Accepted Answer

Relying on anecdotal evidence to choose a medical treatment, leading to direct harm.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the main contribution of B.F. Skinner to psychology?

Accepted Answer

He studied how behavior is affected by its consequences, such as reinforcement and punishment.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of emotional reasoning fallacy?

Accepted Answer

"I believe this treatment works because it makes me feel better, not because of scientific evidence."

PSYC 1010: Introduction to Psychology – Syllabus, Foundations, and Major Perspectives

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