Question 1

Which of the following best distinguishes a psychological disorder from a normal reaction to stress, according to the DSM-5 criteria?

Accepted Answer

A psychological disorder involves clinically significant disturbance in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior, reflecting dysfunction in psychological, biological, or developmental processes.

Question 2

A patient presents with persistent, excessive worry about multiple events for at least six months, difficulty controlling the worry, and symptoms such as restlessness and muscle tension. Which anxiety disorder does this scenario best describe?

Accepted Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 3

Which of the following is a key difference between a Psychologist and a Psychiatrist?

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who can prescribe medication, while Psychologists typically cannot.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the exposure therapy technique known as 'systematic desensitization'?

Accepted Answer

Gradually exposing a client to increasing levels of feared stimuli while teaching relaxation techniques.

Question 5

A person with Major Depressive Disorder is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in activities, and changes in appetite or sleep

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

Accepted Answer

Manic episodes lasting at least one week

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the DSM-5 is accurate?

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 is used to classify and diagnose mental disorders based on specific criteria.

Question 8

A child is diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Which of the following is a core feature of ASD according to the DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Impairments in social communication and interaction, and restricted, repetitive behaviors

Question 9

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'psychological dependence' in substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Feeling unable to function normally without the substance, even in the absence of physical withdrawal

Question 10

Which of the following is a primary goal of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

To challenge and modify maladaptive thoughts and behaviors

Question 11

A patient with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations and disorganized speech. Which type of symptoms are these?

Accepted Answer

Positive symptoms

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a somatic symptom disorder?

Accepted Answer

A person who has physical symptoms that are not fully explained by a medical condition and causes significant distress

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by significant weight loss and restriction of food intake, while Bulimia Nervosa involves recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors.

Question 14

Which of the following is a limitation of pharmacological treatments for depression?

Accepted Answer

They can have side effects and may not address underlying psychological issues.

Question 15

A person with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is most likely to exhibit which of the following behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Impulsivity, unstable relationships, and intense fear of abandonment

Question 16

Which of the following is a key ethical principle in psychological treatment?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent from the patient before beginning treatment

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the placebo effect in clinical trials?

Accepted Answer

The improvement in symptoms due to the expectation of treatment, rather than the treatment itself

Question 18

Which of the following is a common symptom of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty sustaining attention and impulsivity

Question 19

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions)

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between tolerance and withdrawal in substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Tolerance is the need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the same effect, while withdrawal refers to physical or psychological symptoms that occur when the substance is reduced or stopped.

Psychological Disorders and Therapy: Study Guide and Key Concepts

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