Q: According to the vulnerability-stress model, which equation best represents the development of a psychological disorder?

$$\text{Disorder} = \text{Vulnerability} \times \text{Stressor}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the '3 D's' used to judge abnormal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Distressing, Dysfunctional, Deviant

Question 2

According to the vulnerability-stress model, which equation best represents the development of a psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Disorder} = 	ext{Vulnerability} 	imes 	ext{Stressor}$$

Question 3

Which historical perspective believed abnormal behavior was caused by supernatural forces and treated with trephination?

Accepted Answer

Demenological view

Question 4

A patient presents with chronic disruption of mood but is still able to function in daily life. Which mood disorder is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a symptom category of depression?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinatory

Question 6

A person attributes their successes to luck but blames themselves for failures. This pattern is known as:

Accepted Answer

Depressive Attributional Pattern

Question 7

Which neurotransmitter is most associated with the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates a classical conditioning explanation for the development of a phobia?

Accepted Answer

A child who was bitten by a dog now fears all dogs.

Question 9

Which statement about the prevalence of mood disorders is correct?

Accepted Answer

1 in 5 North Americans will have a depressive episode of clinical proportions during their lifetime.

Question 10

Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations

Question 11

A researcher finds that monozygotic twins have a higher concordance rate for schizophrenia than dizygotic twins. This finding supports which explanation?

Accepted Answer

Genetic factors play a significant role in schizophrenia.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the depressive cognitive triad?

Accepted Answer

Negative thoughts about the world, oneself, and the future

Question 13

Which perspective attributes abnormal behavior to frustrations in achieving self-actualization and a negative self-concept?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic

Question 14

Which of the following is a sociocultural factor that can influence the prevalence of depressive disorders?

Accepted Answer

Feelings of guilt and inadequacy are highest in North America and Western Europe.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a maladaptive cognitive explanation for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Appraising situations catastrophically

Question 16

A person who expects bad events will occur and believes they cannot cope is demonstrating which concept?

Accepted Answer

Learned helplessness

Question 17

Which of the following is a biological explanation for depression?

Accepted Answer

Underactivity of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between Type I and Type II schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Type I has predominance of positive symptoms; Type II has predominance of negative symptoms.

Question 19

Which learning explanation is most likely if a child develops a fear of spiders after seeing a parent react fearfully to them?

Accepted Answer

Modeling

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about gender differences in mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Women are twice as likely to suffer from unipolar depression as men.

Psychological Disorders: Definitions, Perspectives, and Major Classes

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