Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an effective therapist according to research on psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Rigid adherence to one therapeutic technique regardless of client needs

Question 2

According to psychodynamic models, is gaining insight into unconscious processes necessary for improvement in therapy?

Accepted Answer

No, some clients improve without conscious insight

Question 3

What does research suggest about the repression of traumatic memories?

Accepted Answer

Most traumatic memories are accurately recalled and not repressed

Question 4

In Gestalt therapy, what is the purpose of the two-chair technique?

Accepted Answer

To help clients resolve internal conflicts by expressing different aspects of themselves

Question 5

How does a token economy work in behavioral therapy?

Accepted Answer

Clients earn tokens for desirable behaviors, which can be exchanged for rewards

Question 6

Which of the following best describes aversion therapy?

Accepted Answer

Pairing an unwanted behavior with an unpleasant stimulus to reduce the behavior

Question 7

Which cognitive distortion involves seeing situations in only two categories, such as 'all good' or 'all bad'?

Accepted Answer

All-or-nothing thinking

Question 8

What is a key feature of third wave therapies?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on mindfulness and acceptance

Question 9

What does the Dodo bird verdict suggest about psychotherapy outcomes?

Accepted Answer

All major forms of psychotherapy are equally effective

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of social facilitation?

Accepted Answer

A runner performs better in a race when competing against others

Question 11

What is the main difference between the central and peripheral routes to persuasion?

Accepted Answer

Central route relies on logical arguments; peripheral route relies on superficial cues

Question 12

Which group process involves the loss of self-awareness and individual accountability in groups?

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation

Question 13

According to research, does a person's level of moral reasoning (Kohlberg model) predict their tendency to obey authority?

Accepted Answer

No, moral reasoning does not strongly predict obedience

Question 14

What do studies, including recent replications, suggest about gender differences in obedience rates in the Milgram paradigm?

Accepted Answer

Women and men obey at similar rates

Question 15

How does the remoteness of the victim affect obedience rates in Milgram-type experiments?

Accepted Answer

Obedience increases as the victim is more remote

Question 16

What are display rules in the context of emotions?

Accepted Answer

Cultural guidelines for how and when to express emotions

Question 17

What does research indicate about the validity of the polygraph test in detecting lies?

Accepted Answer

It is not highly reliable and can produce false positives and negatives

Question 18

What is defensive pessimism?

Accepted Answer

A strategy where individuals expect the worst to prepare for possible failure

Question 19

What does research suggest about the relationship between happiness and longevity?

Accepted Answer

Happier people tend to live longer

Question 20

What is the 'tend and befriend' model of coping with stress?

Accepted Answer

Seeking social support and nurturing others during stress

Psychological Treatments, Social Psychology, Emotion, and Stress: Key Concepts and Research Findings

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