Question 1

According to social comparison theory, which of the following best describes upward social comparison?

Accepted Answer

Comparing oneself to someone perceived as more competent to motivate self-improvement.

Question 2

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the self-fulfilling prophecy in a classroom setting?

Accepted Answer

A teacher expects a student to excel, so she gives him more attention, and the student’s performance improves.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Overestimating personal traits and underestimating situational factors when explaining others’ behavior.

Question 4

A person who believes their group is superior to others and holds negative stereotypes about outgroups is demonstrating which concept?

Accepted Answer

Ethnocentrism

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

Feeling uncomfortable after acting in a way that contradicts your beliefs.

Question 6

According to the elaboration likelihood model, which route to persuasion is most likely to result in long-lasting attitude change?

Accepted Answer

Central route, which involves careful consideration of arguments.

Question 7

In Milgram’s obedience experiments, which factor most increased participants’ likelihood to obey authority?

Accepted Answer

The physical proximity of the authority figure.

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the bystander effect?

Accepted Answer

A person is more likely to help someone in need when alone than when in a group.

Question 9

Which equation best represents the relationship between attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in the theory of planned behavior?

Accepted Answer

$$Behavioral\ Intention = Attitude + Subjective\ Norms + Perceived\ Behavioral\ Control$$

Question 10

A person is more likely to conform to group pressure when:

Accepted Answer

The group is unanimous and consists of at least three people.

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-world example of deindividuation?

Accepted Answer

A person acts more aggressively in a large, anonymous crowd than when alone.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is an attitude, while discrimination is a behavior.

Question 13

According to realistic group conflict theory, what is the primary cause of intergroup hostility?

Accepted Answer

Competition over limited resources.

Question 14

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of social facilitation?

Accepted Answer

A student performs better on a math test when taking it in front of classmates.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of benevolent sexism?

Accepted Answer

Believing women should be protected and cherished by men.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the actor-observer bias?

Accepted Answer

Attributing one’s own actions to situational factors and others’ actions to dispositional factors.

Question 17

A person who helps others because they expect to receive help in return is demonstrating which social norm?

Accepted Answer

Reciprocity norm

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates group polarization?

Accepted Answer

After discussing a topic, group members adopt more extreme positions than they held individually.

Question 19

Which of the following is a key finding from the Robbers Cave experiment?

Accepted Answer

Intergroup conflict can be reduced by introducing superordinate goals.

Question 20

A person who attributes their own success to internal factors but their failures to external factors is demonstrating which bias?

Accepted Answer

Self-serving bias

Social Psychology: Final Exam Study Guide

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