Question 1

Which stage of prenatal development is characterized by the formation of the placenta and the beginning of organ development, including the heart and neural tube?

Accepted Answer

Embryonic stage

Question 2

A pregnant woman is exposed to high levels of stress and nicotine. According to the study materials, what is the most likely risk to her developing fetus?

Accepted Answer

Premature birth and low birth weight

Question 3

According to Piaget, at what age do most children develop object permanence, and what is the significance of this milestone?

Accepted Answer

Around 8 months; it means children understand that objects continue to exist even when out of sight

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the concept of a teratogen?

Accepted Answer

A biological, chemical, or physical agent that causes damage to the developing embryo or fetus

Question 5

A child who is unresponsive to their parent, does not use the parent as a secure base, and does not care if the parent leaves is most likely exhibiting which attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Avoidant attachment

Question 6

According to Vygotsky, what is the 'zone of proximal development'?

Accepted Answer

The range of tasks a child can perform with guidance but not alone

Question 7

Which parenting style is most strongly associated with children who have high self-esteem and social skills in American culture?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative

Question 8

A 2-year-old child can kick a ball, play alongside other children, and put together 2–4 word sentences. Which developmental milestone is this child demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Physical, social, and language milestones typical for age 2

Question 9

Which of the following is a real-world example of fine motor skill development?

Accepted Answer

Using scissors to cut paper

Question 10

A child who shows clingy behavior but then rejects the caregiver’s attempts to comfort them is most likely exhibiting which attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Resistant attachment

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of mitosis during prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

The division and multiplication of cells from one to billions

Question 12

According to the study materials, what is the primary psychosocial milestone of infancy?

Accepted Answer

Formation of healthy attachment

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced impulse control

Question 14

A child who can name colors, count, and enjoys pretend play is most likely in which stage of cognitive development according to Piaget?

Accepted Answer

Preoperational stage

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'theory of mind' in a preschool-age child?

Accepted Answer

Understanding that others can hold false beliefs

Question 16

Which parenting style is most likely to result in children who lack self-discipline and may engage in risky behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Permissive

Question 17

According to the study materials, what is the main benefit of unstructured play for children?

Accepted Answer

It builds creativity, problem-solving skills, and social relationships

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the uninvolved parenting style?

Accepted Answer

Parents are indifferent, uninvolved, and make few demands

Question 19

A child who is emotionally withdrawn, fearful, and performs poorly in school is most likely to have parents who use which parenting style?

Accepted Answer

Uninvolved

Question 20

Which of the following is a key difference between Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Piaget emphasized universal stages, while Vygotsky emphasized cultural and social influences

Stages of Development: Prenatal to Childhood – Physical, Cognitive, and Psychosocial Growth

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