Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between the nervous system and the endocrine system in terms of how they control body tissues?

Accepted Answer

The nervous system uses electrical impulses for rapid, short-lasting control, while the endocrine system uses hormones for slow, long-lasting control.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a general function of hormones?

Accepted Answer

Initiation of voluntary muscle contraction

Question 3

A hormone is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A chemical messenger that acts on specific target tissues and affects their metabolism.

Question 4

Which hormone is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 5

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating ovulation in females and testosterone release in males?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 6

A patient has low blood calcium levels. Which hormone would likely be secreted to correct this imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the action of insulin?

Accepted Answer

It decreases blood sugar by promoting glucose uptake into cells.

Question 8

Which hormone is produced by the adrenal cortex and is primarily responsible for increasing blood glucose and suppressing the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 9

A person is experiencing dehydration. Which hormone would be released to help conserve water in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 10

Which of the following is a tropic hormone?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 11

Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary and is involved in milk ejection during breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the effect of thyroxine?

Accepted Answer

Increases basal metabolic rate and body temperature

Question 13

Which hormone is produced by alpha cells in the pancreas and increases blood sugar?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of mineralocorticoids such as aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

Conserve sodium and increase potassium loss in the kidneys

Question 15

Which hormone is responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics and regulation of the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Question 16

A patient with an overactive adrenal medulla would likely have elevated levels of which hormones?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why only certain cells respond to a particular hormone?

Accepted Answer

Only those cells have the specific receptors for that hormone.

Question 18

Which hormone is NOT produced by the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Question 19

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the action of a tropic hormone?

Accepted Answer

TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroxine.

Question 20

A patient has a tumor destroying their anterior pituitary gland. Which of the following effects would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Decreased release of tropic hormones such as TSH and ACTH

The Endocrine System: Hormones and Behavioural Regulation

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