Question 1

Which of the following best describes a key argument made by critics of globalization, as illustrated by the 'Elephant Chart'?

Accepted Answer

The top 1% and emerging middle classes in developing countries have benefited most from globalization, while the lower and middle classes in developed countries have seen little income growth.

Question 2

According to the post-1990 liberal consensus on globalization, which of the following was NOT a major feature?

Accepted Answer

Increasing State Involvement in Economies

Question 3

Which sector is most associated with the 'T-shirt' example in sectoral transformation, and what does it illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Secondary sector; manufacturing and processing

Question 4

Based on the graph showing the share of the population living in extreme poverty by world region, which region saw the slowest decline in extreme poverty from 1980 to 2013?

Accepted Answer

Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of 'democratic backsliding' as a contemporary response to globalization?

Accepted Answer

A country restricts civil liberties and undermines free elections.

Question 6

If a country transitions from primarily agricultural employment to a focus on manufacturing and services, which concept best describes this process?

Accepted Answer

Economic restructuring (sectoral transformation)

Question 7

Which of the following best defines 'offshoring' in the context of globalization?

Accepted Answer

Relocating production or services to another country to reduce costs

Question 8

According to the sectoral model, which sector is most likely to dominate in a highly developed economy?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary sector

Question 9

Which of the following terms refers to the spread of cultural traits from one society to another, often leading to the dominance of one culture over others?

Accepted Answer

Cultural imperialism

Question 10

A country that increases tariffs and restricts imports as a response to globalization is engaging in which policy?

Accepted Answer

Protectionism

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the trend in global extreme poverty from 1980 to 2013, as shown in the provided graph?

Accepted Answer

Extreme poverty declined in most regions, with Sub-Saharan Africa experiencing the slowest decline.

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of a universalizing religion?

Accepted Answer

It actively seeks converts and is practiced worldwide.

Question 13

In the context of the Elephant Chart, which group experienced the least real income growth between 1988 and 2008?

Accepted Answer

The lower and middle classes in developed countries

Question 14

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'cultural syncretism'?

Accepted Answer

A new religion forms by blending elements of two existing religions.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of the contemporary response to globalization?

Accepted Answer

Increasing number of liberal democracies

Question 16

Which of the following best describes secularism?

Accepted Answer

The separation of religion from government and public affairs

Question 17

If a country moves its manufacturing plants from Asia to a nearby country to reduce transportation costs, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Nearshoring

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the rise of emerging countries as shown in the income growth graph?

Accepted Answer

Emerging countries experienced significant income growth for the middle percentiles of the global population.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a quaternary sector job?

Accepted Answer

A software developer creating new algorithms

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'globalization'?

Accepted Answer

The process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among countries through trade, investment, and cultural exchange.

Reading 5.1 Globalization and the elephant curve

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