Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A population is the entire group to be studied, while a sample is a subset of that group.

Question 2

Suppose a researcher wants to know the average height of all students at a university. She measures the height of 100 randomly selected students. What is the group of all students at the university called?

Accepted Answer

Population

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a qualitative variable?

Accepted Answer

Type of car manufacturer (e.g., Ford, BMW)

Question 4

A researcher records the number of children in each classroom in a school. What type of variable is this?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, discrete variable

Question 5

Which of the following statements about continuous variables is correct?

Accepted Answer

Continuous variables can take on any value within a given range.

Question 6

In a study, the proportion of all students on campus who have a job is $$0.849. $$This value is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Parameter

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of statistics?

Accepted Answer

Identify research objective, collect data, describe data, perform inference

Question 8

A survey asks students to rate their agreement with the statement 'Working with numbers upsets me' using the options: strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree. What type of variable is this?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct example of a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of cars in a parking lot

Question 10

A researcher collects data on the daily intake of whole grains (in grams per day) for a group of adults. What type of variable is daily intake of whole grains?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative, continuous

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a statistic?

Accepted Answer

A numerical summary based on a sample

Question 12

A study finds that students who start school at 8:30am or later sleep an average of 27.5 minutes longer. Which step of the statistical process does this result best represent?

Accepted Answer

Describing the data

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of statistics?

Accepted Answer

Ignore the reliability of the results

Question 14

Which of the following variables is best classified as qualitative?

Accepted Answer

Name of a university

Question 15

If a variable can take on every possible value between any two values, it is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Continuous

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Using a sample mean to estimate the mean age of a population

Question 17

A researcher wants to know if income status (low, middle, high) affects college attendance. What type of variable is income status?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize data; inferential statistics make predictions or generalizations about a population.

Chapter 1: Data Collection and Introduction to Statistics

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