Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three main components of statistics?

Accepted Answer

Design, Description, and Inference

Question 2

A researcher wants to study the effect of daily exercise on college students' GPA. She carefully plans how to select participants and collect data. Which component of statistics is she focusing on?

Accepted Answer

Design

Question 3

In a survey, 3.5% of sampled students at Georgia College said they are vegan. What is this value called?

Accepted Answer

Statistic

Question 4

A publisher randomly selects 800 students from the University of Alabama phone directory to study textbook costs. What is the population in this study?

Accepted Answer

All college students at the University of Alabama

Question 5

Which of the following statements about random sampling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Random sampling allows us to make powerful inferences about populations.

Question 6

A college dean finds the average number of hours studied per week for 500 randomly selected students and creates a graph to display the results. Which aspect of statistics is she performing?

Accepted Answer

Description

Question 7

Given a random sample of 400 students, what is the approximate margin of error for estimating the percentage of students planning to go to medical school? Use the formula $$m \approx \frac{100}{\sqrt{n}}\%.$$

Accepted Answer

5%

Question 8

Which of the following best defines a parameter in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A numerical summary of the population

Question 9

In an exit poll, 4500 voters were interviewed out of 3.9 million who voted in Georgia. What is the sample?

Accepted Answer

The 4500 voters who were interviewed

Question 10

A survey of 210 students found that 52% would recommend the school’s meal plan. What is the parameter in this context?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of all students at the college who would recommend the meal plan

Question 11

Which formula is used to estimate the margin of error for a sample proportion?

Accepted Answer

$$m \approx \frac{100}{\sqrt{n}}\%$$

Question 12

Why is randomness important in statistical experiments?

Accepted Answer

It helps ensure that the results are representative of the population.

Question 13

A researcher summarizes the GPA data of 100 students using a histogram. Which component of statistics is this?

Accepted Answer

Description

Question 14

If a sample size increases from 100 to 400, what happens to the margin of error for estimating a population proportion?

Accepted Answer

It decreases

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of inference in statistics?

Accepted Answer

Concluding that the average study hours for all students is likely between 2.5 and 10.3 hours based on a sample

Question 16

Which of the following best describes variability in statistics?

Accepted Answer

Measurements may vary from person to person and from sample to sample.

Question 17

A medical school wants to estimate the percentage of students planning to go to medical school. If they sample 900 students, what is the approximate margin of error? Use $$m \approx \frac{100}{\sqrt{n}}\%.$$

Accepted Answer

3.33%

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a subject in a statistical study?

Accepted Answer

A summary statistic

Question 19

A researcher wants to predict the outcome of an election using an exit poll. Which group represents the population?

Accepted Answer

All people who voted in the election

Question 20

If a sample of 300 students is used to estimate the percentage of students with iPhones, what is the approximate margin of error? Use $$m \approx \frac{100}{\sqrt{n}}\%.$$

Accepted Answer

5.77%

Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics – Structured Study Notes

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