Question 1

Which of the following best describes a variable measured on a nominal scale?

Accepted Answer

The type of cuisine preferred (e.g., Italian, Chinese, Mexican)

Question 2

A researcher wants to estimate the average salary of all engineers in a city. She collects data from 200 engineers out of 5,000 in the city. In this context, what is the population?

Accepted Answer

All engineers in the city

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?

Accepted Answer

Weight of a newborn baby

Question 4

A company wants to survey employee satisfaction. They divide employees into departments and randomly select 10 employees from each department. What sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 5

Which of the following statements about interval and ratio scales is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ratio scales have a true zero point, but interval scales do not.

Question 6

A hospital administrator wants to estimate the average waiting time in the emergency room. She selects every 5th patient who arrives during a 24-hour period. What type of sampling is this?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 7

Which of the following is a parameter?

Accepted Answer

The average height of all adults in a country

Question 8

A political scientist analyzes data from a government census to study voting patterns. What type of data source is this?

Accepted Answer

Secondary source

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of cars passing through a toll booth in an hour

Question 10

A researcher wants to study the effect of a new teaching method. She randomly selects 4 out of 20 classrooms and surveys all students in those classrooms. What sampling method is used?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a simple random sample?

Accepted Answer

Individuals are selected based on their characteristics

Question 12

A survey asks respondents to rate their satisfaction as 'Low', 'Medium', or 'High'. What is the level of measurement for this variable?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of data collected from a primary source?

Accepted Answer

Conducting your own experiment and recording results

Question 14

A population consists of 1,000 students. You want a sample of 50. Using systematic sampling, what is the value of $$k$$?

Accepted Answer

$$k = 20$$

Question 15

Which of the following variables is measured on a ratio scale?

Accepted Answer

Salary in dollars

Question 16

A sample statistic is used to:

Accepted Answer

Estimate a population parameter

Question 17

Which of the following best illustrates logical causality in statistics?

Accepted Answer

Demonstrating that increased exercise leads to lower blood pressure in a controlled experiment

Question 18

A researcher divides a city into neighborhoods and randomly selects several neighborhoods. She then surveys every household in those neighborhoods. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 19

Which of the following is a common reason for using a sample instead of a population?

Accepted Answer

Sampling is less costly and more practical

Question 20

A university wants to estimate the average GPA of its students. It divides students by major and randomly selects students from each major. What is the main advantage of this sampling method?

Accepted Answer

It ensures each major is represented in the sample

Defining and Collecting Data: Introductory Statistics Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

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