Q: If a data set has a minimum value of 10 and a maximum value of 70, what is the range?

$$\text{Range} = 70 - 10 = 60$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A population is the complete set of people or objects being studied, while a sample is a subset of the population.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the six W's necessary for designing a survey?

Accepted Answer

Which

Question 3

A researcher wants to study the effect of a new medication. She randomly assigns participants to either a treatment or control group. What type of study is this?

Accepted Answer

Controlled experiment

Question 4

Which type of variable describes qualities or categories rather than quantities?

Accepted Answer

Categorical variable

Question 5

Refer to the first image (bar graph). What type of data is best represented by this graph?

Accepted Answer

Categorical data

Question 6

Which of the following statements about histograms is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Histograms display the distribution of numerical data.

Question 7

A distribution is described as 'skewed left.' Which of the following is most likely TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Most data values are large, with a tail of small values to the left.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct formula for the z-score, as shown in the third image?

Accepted Answer

$$z = \frac{X - \overline{X}}{s}$$

Question 9

A data set has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 5. What is the z-score for a value of 60?

Accepted Answer

$$z = \frac{60 - 50}{5} = 2$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the median?

Accepted Answer

The value that splits the data set in half, with half the values above and half below.

Question 11

Which measure of center is most resistant to outliers?

Accepted Answer

Median

Question 12

If a data set has a minimum value of 10 and a maximum value of 70, what is the range?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Range} = 70 - 10 = 60$$

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about the Empirical Rule for a bell-shaped distribution?

Accepted Answer

About 99.7% of the data falls within 3 standard deviations of the mean.

Question 14

Refer to the second image (dotplot). Which feature is most easily identified using a dotplot?

Accepted Answer

The frequency of each individual value

Question 15

Which of the following is a reason why an outlier might appear in a data set?

Accepted Answer

A data entry error

Question 16

A frequency table is used to:

Accepted Answer

Record the totals and use category names to label each row

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the interquartile range (IQR)?

Accepted Answer

The difference between the third quartile and the first quartile

Question 18

Which type of graph is best for displaying the distribution of a quantitative variable?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Question 19

A researcher collects data on the number of hours students study per week and wants to compare the distribution between male and female students. Which data format should she use?

Accepted Answer

Unstacked data

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE about a double-blind study?

Accepted Answer

Both the participants and the researchers do not know who is in the treatment or control group.

Introductory Statistics: Structured Study Notes (Chapters 1–3)

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