Q: What is the formula for calculating the relative frequency of a category in a frequency distribution?

$$ \text{Relative Frequency} = \frac{\text{Frequency of the category}}{\text{Sum of all frequencies}} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a frequency distribution for qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

A table that lists each category of data and the number of occurrences for each category.

Question 2

What is the formula for calculating the relative frequency of a category in a frequency distribution?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Relative Frequency} = \frac{	ext{Frequency of the category}}{	ext{Sum of all frequencies}} $$

Question 3

A bar graph is constructed to display the frequency of survey responses for favorite ice cream flavors. Which of the following is a key characteristic of a bar graph?

Accepted Answer

The bars are separated to emphasize that the data are qualitative.

Question 4

Which type of graph is most appropriate for displaying the proportion of students in different majors at a university?

Accepted Answer

Pie chart

Question 5

A side-by-side bar graph is used to compare the number of children under 18 living with one parent in two different years. What is the main advantage of using a side-by-side bar graph?

Accepted Answer

It allows for direct comparison of categories across different groups.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a histogram?

Accepted Answer

A graph constructed by drawing rectangles for each class of data, with the height representing frequency and the rectangles touching each other.

Question 7

When organizing continuous data into classes, what is the difference between the lower class limit and the upper class limit?

Accepted Answer

The lower class limit is the smallest value within the class, and the upper class limit is the largest value within the class.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about a dot plot?

Accepted Answer

It displays each observation as a dot above its value on a number line.

Question 9

A distribution is said to be skewed right if:

Accepted Answer

The tail to the right of the peak is longer than the tail to the left of the peak.

Question 10

What is the main purpose of a stem-and-leaf plot?

Accepted Answer

To represent quantitative data graphically while retaining the original data values.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a frequency polygon?

Accepted Answer

A graph that uses points connected by line segments to represent the frequencies of classes.

Question 12

How is a cumulative frequency table constructed?

Accepted Answer

By displaying the total number of observations less than or equal to the upper class limit of each class.

Question 13

An ogive is used to represent which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The cumulative frequency or cumulative relative frequency of data.

Question 14

Which type of graph is most appropriate for displaying how a variable changes over time?

Accepted Answer

Time-series graph

Question 15

A misleading graph can result from which of the following practices?

Accepted Answer

Using a vertical axis that does not start at zero, exaggerating differences between groups.

Question 16

Suppose you are given the following frequency distribution for the number of siblings: 0 (5 students), 1 (8 students), 2 (10 students), 3 (7 students). What is the relative frequency for students with 2 siblings?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{10}{30} = 0.333 $$

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a reason to use a pie chart?

Accepted Answer

To display the distribution of a continuous variable.

Question 18

In a histogram, what does the area of each rectangle represent?

Accepted Answer

The frequency of data within that class.

Question 19

A stem-and-leaf plot for the data set {12, 15, 17, 21, 22, 25, 27} would have which of the following stems?

Accepted Answer

1 and 2

Question 20

Which of the following best describes a uniform distribution?

Accepted Answer

The frequency of each value of the variable is evenly spread out across the values of the variable.

Organizing and Summarizing Data: Tables and Graphs in Statistics

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