교과서 질문
Refer to the diagnostic flowchart in Spotlight Figure 27–18. Use information from the blood test results in the accompanying table to categorize the suspected acid-base disorders of the patients represented in the table.
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26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance
Acid-Base Balance
객관식
Which set of arterial blood gas (ABG) findings is most consistent with uncompensated respiratory acidosis?
A
with normal and low
B
with and elevated
C
with and normal
D
with and normal
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the definition of uncompensated respiratory acidosis: it is a primary respiratory disorder characterized by decreased pH (acidemia) due to elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), with no metabolic compensation yet (normal bicarbonate, HCO3⁻).
Identify the key ABG values to analyze: pH, PaCO2, and HCO3⁻. In uncompensated respiratory acidosis, pH will be less than 7.35, PaCO2 will be greater than 45 mmHg (indicating hypoventilation or CO2 retention), and HCO3⁻ will be within the normal range because metabolic compensation has not occurred.
Evaluate each option by comparing the pH, PaCO2, and HCO3⁻ values to the expected pattern: low pH, high PaCO2, and normal HCO3⁻ for uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
Exclude options where HCO3⁻ is elevated (which suggests metabolic compensation) or where PaCO2 is normal or low (which would not indicate respiratory acidosis).
Conclude that the correct ABG set for uncompensated respiratory acidosis is the one with pH < 7.35, PaCO2 > 45 mmHg, and normal HCO3⁻.
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