Question 1

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone during male puberty?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 2

During spermatogenesis, what is the chromosome number of secondary spermatocytes?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 3

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for reabsorbing degenerated sperm and is the site where sperm acquire motility and the ability to fertilize?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis

Question 4

A patient presents with difficulty urinating and is diagnosed with an enlarged prostate. Which anatomical relationship explains why prostate problems often lead to urinary issues?

Accepted Answer

The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, which is a shared terminal duct for the reproductive and urinary systems.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the acrosome in sperm?

Accepted Answer

It is a cap that contains enzymes needed for sperm to penetrate the egg.

Question 6

During the female reproductive cycle, high levels of estrogens exert a positive feedback effect on cells secreting which hormones, leading to ovulation?

Accepted Answer

LH and GnRH

Question 7

Which layer of the uterus is sloughed off during menstruation and is rebuilt during the proliferative phase?

Accepted Answer

Stratum functionalis

Question 8

A woman is undergoing in vitro fertilization. Which stage of oogenesis must the oocyte be in to be fertilized by sperm?

Accepted Answer

Secondary oocyte

Question 9

Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in haploid gametes.

Question 10

If a sperm penetrates the secondary oocyte, what is the immediate result regarding chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

The chromosome number is restored to diploid ($$2n) as a $$zygote forms.

Question 11

Which hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum and is essential for maintaining the endometrium for implantation?

Accepted Answer

Progesterone

Question 12

During the menstrual phase, what causes the constriction of uterine spiral arterioles leading to the sloughing off of the endometrial lining?

Accepted Answer

Declining levels of estrogens and progesterone stimulate release of prostaglandins

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why the alkaline fluid secreted by the seminal vesicles is important?

Accepted Answer

It neutralizes acidity inside the male urethra and female vagina, protecting sperm.

Question 14

A male patient has less than 100 million sperm per ejaculate. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Infertility

Question 15

Which cell type forms the blood-testis barrier and nourishes developing sperm cells?

Accepted Answer

Sertoli cells

Question 16

Which event marks the beginning of the ovarian cycle each month?

Accepted Answer

Menstruation

Question 17

During the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle, which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating repair and growth of the endometrium?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Question 18

Which structure in the female reproductive system produces currents to sweep the secondary oocyte into the uterine tube?

Accepted Answer

Fimbriae of the infundibulum

Question 19

Which hormone, produced by the embryo about 8 days after fertilization, maintains the corpus luteum and its hormone production?

Accepted Answer

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 20

A patient has a mutation that prevents the production of inhibin in the ovaries. What is the most likely effect on the female reproductive cycle?

Accepted Answer

FSH and LH secretion would increase due to loss of negative feedback.

Advanced Anatomy & Physiology: The Reproductive System

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드