Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies the function of those parts.

Question 2

Arrange the following levels of structural organization from smallest to largest: organ, tissue, cell, organ system, molecule.

Accepted Answer

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Question 3

A patient presents with a stab wound to the left axillary region. Which area of the body is affected?

Accepted Answer

The armpit

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the mediastinum is correct?

Accepted Answer

It contains the heart, trachea, and esophagus.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelia have one layer of cells; stratified epithelia have multiple layers.

Question 6

Which connective tissue is the most rigid and provides support for the body?

Accepted Answer

Bone (osseous tissue)

Question 7

A tissue sample shows cells with abundant collagen fibers arranged in parallel bundles. Which tissue is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the skin that helps regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Dilation and constriction of dermal blood vessels

Question 9

A patient has a burn that destroys the epidermis and the superficial part of the dermis. Which layer of the dermis is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Papillary layer

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream; exocrine glands secrete substances onto epithelial surfaces.

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the stratum basale of the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

It is the most actively dividing layer of the epidermis.

Question 12

Which of the following cell types is responsible for producing the extracellular matrix in connective tissue proper?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblasts

Question 13

A patient is unable to sweat in response to heat, but can sweat when stressed. Which sweat gland is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine gland

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between microvilli and cilia on epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli increase surface area for absorption; cilia move substances across the cell surface.

Question 15

Which of the following is the rarest type of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Stratified columnar epithelium

Question 16

Which connective tissue is avascular and found at the ends of long bones, in the nose, and in the trachea?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of dendritic (Langerhans) cells in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Immune defense against pathogens

Question 18

A cross-section is made horizontally through the abdomen, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts. Which plane is this?

Accepted Answer

Transverse (horizontal) plane

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between the cutaneous, mucous, and serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

Cutaneous membrane covers the body surface, mucous membranes line body cavities open to the exterior, and serous membranes line closed ventral body cavities.

Question 20

Which of the following muscle tissues is both striated and voluntary?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Anatomy & Physiology Unit 1 Study Guide – Step-by-Step Guidance

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