Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between organic and inorganic compounds as it relates to human biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds always contain carbon, while inorganic compounds do not necessarily contain carbon.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing muscle fatigue due to a lack of ATP. Which process is directly affected by this shortage?

Accepted Answer

The ability of cells to perform work and put matter into motion.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The movement of ions across a nerve cell membrane during an action potential.

Question 4

If an atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 11 electrons, what is its atomic mass number?

Accepted Answer

$$11 + 12 = 23$$

Question 5

Which statement about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 6

A chemical reaction in the body breaks down glucose to release energy. What type of energy is initially stored in glucose, and what form does it become after the reaction?

Accepted Answer

Chemical energy; kinetic energy

Question 7

Which subatomic particle determines the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 8

A student is asked to explain why the chemical properties of isotopes are the same. Which explanation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Because isotopes have the same number of electrons, which determine chemical properties.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the planetary model of the atom?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons are clustered at the center, with electrons orbiting in defined paths around the nucleus.

Question 10

Which form of energy is directly involved when you pedal a bicycle?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical energy

Question 11

If an atom has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$18 - 8 = 10$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Thermal energy

Question 13

Which statement about energy conversion in the human body is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy from food is trapped in the bonds of ATP, which is then used to power cellular processes.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why energy is neither created nor destroyed in the body?

Accepted Answer

According to the law of conservation of energy, the total energy of the universe is constant.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about matter?

Accepted Answer

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.

Question 16

A molecule of water (H$$_2O) is $$classified as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A compound made of two elements: hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of electrons in chemical bonding?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are involved in the formation of chemical bonds between atoms.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the atomic symbol for an element?

Accepted Answer

It is usually the first or first two letters of the element's name.

Question 19

Which of the following is a property of energy, not matter?

Accepted Answer

It has no mass and does not take up space.

Question 20

A patient is exposed to a source of radiant energy. Which of the following best describes this form of energy?

Accepted Answer

It is the energy of the electromagnetic spectrum that travels in waves.

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy and Physiology

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