Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies their function.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a malfunction in their sodium-potassium pump, which is an example of which type of membrane transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 3

Which organ system is primarily responsible for regulating homeostasis through hormone secretion?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine system

Question 4

A cell placed in a solution with a higher solute concentration than its cytoplasm will most likely:

Accepted Answer

Lose water and shrink

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the stages of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A process that reverses the direction of the original stimulus

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 8

A molecule with the formula $$C_{6}H$$_{12}$$O_{6}$ is classified as which type of biological molecule?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

It has an uneven distribution of charge due to differences in electronegativity.

Question 10

A patient with a blood pH of 7.1 is experiencing which condition?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of mitochondria in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Energy production through cellular respiration

Question 12

Which tissue type is specialized for contraction and movement?

Accepted Answer

Muscle tissue

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of stratified squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Multiple layers of flat cells

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete onto body surfaces or into ducts; endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$$

Question 17

A cell undergoing DNA replication is in which phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of salts/electrolytes in the body?

Accepted Answer

They dissociate into ions and help maintain electrical neutrality.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of buffers in the body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers maintain pH by neutralizing acids and bases.

Question 20

A patient with a genetic mutation affecting the structure of collagen is most likely to have issues with which tissue type?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

BIO 168 Unit 1: Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology, Chemistry of Life, The Cell, and Histology

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