Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for synthesizing proteins in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the structure of cadherin proteins. Which cell junction type is most likely to be dysfunctional?

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A flexible layer with proteins embedded in or attached to a phospholipid bilayer

Question 4

Which process requires ATP to move substances across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 5

A solution with a pH of 5 is considered:

Accepted Answer

Acidic

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Provides structure and fluidity to the membrane

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the 'universal solvent' in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

It dissolves more substances than any other liquid due to its polarity

Question 8

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 9

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell, causing it to swell. What type of solution is the cell in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of gap junctions?

Accepted Answer

They allow direct communication between cells by forming tunnels

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of water that is critical for maintaining body temperature in humans?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 12

Which of the following organic compounds is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of lysosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Waste removal and digestion of cellular debris

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It uses membrane proteins to move substances down their concentration gradient

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why saturated fats are solid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Their fatty acid chains are straight and pack closely together

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Structural support, contraction, and transport

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between an atom and an element?

Accepted Answer

Elements are made of atoms with the same number of protons

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of acids?

Accepted Answer

pH below 7 and donate protons

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of glycoproteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They act as identifying molecules for cell recognition

Question 20

A scientist is studying a molecule with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$. Which class of biomolecule does this most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Cells and Biomolecules: Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology

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