Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the production of integral proteins in the plasma membrane. Which cellular function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Selective permeability

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A flexible layer with proteins embedded in or attached to a phospholipid bilayer

Question 4

Which type of cell junction allows ions and small molecules to pass directly from one cell to another, facilitating rapid communication?

Accepted Answer

Gap junction

Question 5

A solution with a pH of 5 is considered:

Accepted Answer

Acidic

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a universal solvent in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

It is a polar molecule, allowing it to dissolve many substances

Question 7

Which process requires ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Acting as enzymes and transporters

Question 9

A scientist observes a cell with a large number of ribosomes attached to its rough endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared between atoms

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of saturated fatty acids found in lipids?

Accepted Answer

Are solid at room temperature

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why ions require protein channels to cross the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Ions are charged and cannot pass through the hydrophobic core of the membrane

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Serve as identifying molecules (glycoproteins and glycolipids)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the relationship between biomolecules and the organization of living systems?

Accepted Answer

Biomolecules form cells, which then form tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding acids and bases in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Acids have a pH below 7 and release H+ ions

Question 16

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell, causing it to swell. What type of solution is the cell in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It stabilizes membrane fluidity

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of water that makes it essential for life?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

Join cells together using cadherin proteins for mechanical strength

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the composition of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Cells and Biomolecules: Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology

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