Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the ratio of bacterial cells to human cells in the body?

$$\frac{40\ \text{trillion}}{30\ \text{trillion}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the human microbiome?

Accepted Answer

It is a collection of microorganisms that colonize the human body, some transiently and some permanently, and can help maintain health.

Question 2

Which historical figure is credited with disproving the theory of spontaneous generation through his experiments with sealed and unsealed flasks of meat?

Accepted Answer

Francesco Redi

Question 3

A veterinarian is cleaning a sea turtle covered in oil after a spill. Scientists observed a rapid increase in the population of Alcanivorax borkumensis, a marine bacterium. What is the most likely reason for this increase?

Accepted Answer

The oil provided a nutrient source for the bacterium, allowing it to thrive.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a contribution made by Robert Koch to the field of microbiology?

Accepted Answer

Discovery of the microscope

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct application of Koch's postulates?

Accepted Answer

The suspected causative agent must be found in every case of the disease and be absent from healthy hosts.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why viruses were not observed by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are too small to be seen with the microscopes available at the time.

Question 7

Which of the following is a eukaryotic microorganism?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct example of binomial nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the cell walls of prokaryotes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan, while archaeal cell walls contain polymers other than peptidoglycan.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of microbes in our lives?

Accepted Answer

Causing all known diseases in humans

Question 11

A patient is diagnosed with a vaginal yeast infection. Which microorganism is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Candida albicans

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of protozoa?

Accepted Answer

Single-celled eukaryotes capable of locomotion by pseudopodia, cilia, or flagella

Question 13

Which scientist's work directly supported the germ theory of disease?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a method of locomotion used by protozoa?

Accepted Answer

Hyphae

Question 15

Which of the following equations correctly represents the ratio of bacterial cells to human cells in the body?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{40\ 	ext{trillion}}{30\ 	ext{trillion}}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the classification of microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

Microorganisms are grouped into six categories: bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and small multicellular animals.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world application of biotechnology using microbes?

Accepted Answer

Genetically engineering bacteria to clean up oil spills

Question 18

Which scientist is associated with the development of binomial nomenclature for classifying organisms?

Accepted Answer

Carl Linnaeus

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about yeast?

Accepted Answer

Yeasts are unicellular eukaryotes that reproduce asexually by budding.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of helminths?

Accepted Answer

Helminths are small multicellular animals, some of which cause disease through microscopic eggs and larvae.

Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You – Study Notes

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