Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of simple squamous epithelium in the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of gases

Question 2

A patient presents with a tumor that has penetrated the basement membrane of an epithelial tissue. What is the most significant clinical implication of this finding?

Accepted Answer

The tumor can now invade underlying tissues and potentially metastasize

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Contains abundant blood vessels

Question 4

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis without losing cellular material is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine

Question 5

Which type of epithelial tissue is best suited for areas subject to wear and tear, such as the skin?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 6

Which of the following statements about transitional epithelium is correct?

Accepted Answer

It allows organs like the bladder to stretch and store urine

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood; exocrine glands secrete products onto body surfaces or into cavities

Question 8

Which specialized cell junctions are primarily responsible for preventing molecules from passing between adjacent epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 9

A biopsy from a patient’s trachea reveals a single layer of cells of varying heights, with nuclei at different levels and cilia on the surface. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 10

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the rate of diffusion ($$R$$), surface area ($$A$$), and thickness ($$T) of a $$simple squamous epithelial membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$R = \frac{A}{T}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of microvilli found on the apical surface of some epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Question 12

A multicellular exocrine gland with a branched duct and sac-like secretory units is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Compound alveolar

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissues have a high regenerative capacity?

Accepted Answer

They are frequently exposed to friction and hostile environments, requiring constant cell replacement

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct pairing of epithelial tissue and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium – absorption and secretion

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the basement membrane is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It reinforces the epithelial sheet and resists stretching and tearing

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the secretion mechanism of holocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Entire secretory cells rupture, releasing secretions and cell fragments

Question 17

Which of the following is a unicellular exocrine gland found in the respiratory and digestive tracts?

Accepted Answer

Goblet cell

Question 18

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows cells that change shape from dome-like to squamous when stretched. What is the most likely tissue type?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of desmosomes in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They anchor adjacent cells together to resist mechanical stress

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of the polarity of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

The apical surface faces the body surface or cavity, while the basal surface attaches to the underlying connective tissue

Chapter 4: Tissue—The Living Fabric (Epithelial Tissue)

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