$$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an atom?

Accepted Answer

The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element

Question 2

Which of the following elements is NOT one of the most common elements found in the human body by total mass?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Question 3

If an atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 10 electrons, what is its net charge?

Accepted Answer

$$-2$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

Question 5

Which of the following is a polysaccharide that serves as a major energy storage molecule in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 6

A solution is prepared by dissolving $$10$$ grams of NaCl in $$100 mL of $$water. Which term best describes NaCl in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Solute

Question 7

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction

Question 8

Which formula correctly represents the calculation of atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of ATP in living cells?

Accepted Answer

Serves as the primary energy currency for cellular processes

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms; saturated fatty acids do not

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in phospholipids. Which cellular structure would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that breaks a molecule into two by adding water

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure involves alpha helices and beta sheets formed by hydrogen bonding

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 16

A molecule with the formula $$C_{6}H$$_{12}$$O_{6}$ is classified as which type of organic compound?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 17

Which of the following statements about water is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high heat capacity, helping regulate body temperature

Question 18

Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are important in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They help maintain electrical gradients across cell membranes

Question 20

A student mixes equal volumes of two solutions: one with pH $$4$$ and one with pH $$8. $$What is the resulting pH most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Fundamental Chemistry Concepts for Anatomy & Physiology

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