Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the plasma membrane is described as a 'fluid mosaic' model?

Accepted Answer

Because its phospholipids and proteins can move laterally within the layer, and it contains a variety of molecules.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the plasma membrane is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is amphipathic, meaning it has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

Question 3

A scientist observes a cell with no nucleus, circular DNA, and no membrane-bound organelles. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 4

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the help of membrane proteins.

Question 5

Which of the following proteins is directly involved in facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Carrier proteins

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes

Question 7

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell, causing it to swell. Which process is responsible for this movement?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 8

Which of the following best describes primary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Movement of substances against their concentration gradient using energy directly from ATP hydrolysis.

Question 9

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 10

Which of the following correctly traces the path of a secretory protein through the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → Vesicle → Plasma membrane

Question 11

Which of the following is a difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis results in two identical cells, while meiosis results in four genetically unique cells.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of tRNA in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Question 13

Which of the following events occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear envelope breaks down.

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding diffusion across a plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Molecules continue to move across the membrane, but there is no net movement at equilibrium.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus in the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They have both a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a step in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Replication

Question 18

Which of the following best describes secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

It uses the energy stored in an ion gradient created by primary active transport.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about chromatin and chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes are the condensed form of DNA visible during cell division.

Question 20

A patient’s cells are unable to perform exocytosis efficiently. Which of the following processes would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft

The Cellular Level of Organization: Study Notes

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